微合金化焊丝强化1561铝合金焊缝机理研究  

Mechanism of 1561 Aluminum Alloy Weld Seam Strengthened by Using Microalloyed Wire

作　　者：刘海彬 王腾达 王鹏云 谢述锋 王壮壮 姜锋 宋朝晖 LIU Haibin;WANG Tengda;WANG Pengyun;XIE Shufeng;WANG Zhuangzhuang;JIANG Feng;SONG Zhaohui(CSSC No.725 Research Institute,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司第七二五研究所,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2025年第3期51-55,共5页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：中华人民共和国科学技术部国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB0311203,2021YFB3704205)。

摘　　要：以1561铝合金成分为基础,通过联合添加Sc和Zr元素制备微合金化焊丝,采用手工TIG焊接3 mm厚1561铝合金板材。使用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和透射电镜表征焊缝的显微组织,采用材料试验机评价接头的拉伸性能。结果表明:1561板材TIG焊缝中形成了等轴晶组织,平均晶粒尺寸为26.2μm;Mg原子全部固溶于焊缝,固溶度为7.00at%;焊缝中观察到平均尺寸为10.8 nm的Al_(3)(Sc,Zr)析出相,主要分布于晶界附近。通过模型计算揭示强化机理,发现析出强化对屈服强度的贡献达到17.7%。与1561焊丝相比,使用微合金化焊丝焊接的1561板材TIG接头屈服强度提高了11.2%。A novel mircoalloyed wire was prepared by adding Sc and Zr elements into the chemical composition of 1561 aluminum alloy,then the TIG method was used to join 3 mm thick 1561 plate.Optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer and transmission electron microscope were employed to characterize the microstructure of the weld,and the materials testing machine was utilized to test the tensile performance of the joints.The results show that equiaxed grain structure is formed in the 1561 TIG weld seam and the average grain size is 26.2μm.All Mg atoms are dissolved into the weld with a solid solubility of 7.00at%.Al_(3)(Sc,Zr)precipitates in the weld seam is distributed near the grain boundaries and the average size is 10.8 nm.It is revealed that the contribution of precipitation strengthening to the yield strength reaches 17.7%through model calculation.The yield strength of 1561 TIG weld using microalloyed wire is 11.2%higher than that with 1561 wire.

关 键 词：AL-MG合金 微合金化 焊丝 焊缝 强化机制 

分 类 号：TG422.3[金属学及工艺—焊接]