基于改进综合水质标识指数法的邛海水质评价  

Water quality evaluation of Qionghai Lake based on improved integrated water quality identification index method

作　　者：方佳卉 徐力刚[2,3,4,5] 蒋名亮 杨军 李超凡 肖克彦 李国祥 FANG Jia-hui;XU Li-gang;JIANG Ming-liang;YANG Jun;LI Chao-fan;XIAO Ke-yan;LI Guo-xiang(School of Geographic Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;National Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Water Safety,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Poyang Lake Wetland Research Station,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jiujiang 332899,China;Jiangxi Province Poyang Lake Basin Ecological Water Conservancy Technology Innovation Center,Nanchang 330029,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Qionghai National Wetland Park Protection Center,Xichang 615050,China;Xichang City Environmental Monitoring Station,Xichang 615099,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学地理科学学院,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与流域水安全全国重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,鄱阳湖湖泊湿地综合研究站,江西九江332899 [4]江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,江西南昌330029 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [6]邛海国家湿地公园保护中心,四川西昌615050 [7]西昌市环境监测站,四川西昌615099

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第3期1351-1363,共13页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2024YFE0106400,2023YFF0807204);国家自然科学基金资助项目(42307106,U2240224,U2444221);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目(BK20220042);江西省科技计划项目(20224BAB213035,20223BBG74003,20232BAB213053,20213AAG01012,20222BCD46002);长春市科技发展计划项目(23SH03)。

摘　　要：本文通过对传统的综合水质标识指数(CWQI)模型进行优化,建立了同时考虑主观权重和客观权重的基于博弈论的改进的综合水质标识指数(ICWQI_(G))模型和考虑权重时间动态的分阶段组合权重的综合水质标识指数(ICWQI_(P))模型,并以邛海作为案例依托,选取2020~2023年不同水期11个样点的水质监测数据,使用ICWQI_(G)和ICWQI_(P)模型科学评估了邛海水质状况,验证了改进综合水质标识指数法的科学性.研究结果表明,与传统的CWQI模型相比,改进后的ICWQI_(G)和ICWQI_(P)模型都考虑了TP超标的因素,评价结果更符合研究区域的实际水质情况,并且可以敏锐的识别出更多的污染风险区域与污染程度较严重的水体.ICWQI_(P)采用阶段性权重代替统一权重,能够补偿降水等因素影响的水质指标权重,可以更好地辨识出不同时期影响水质的关键环境变量,得到更准确合理的结果.同时,基于改进的综合水质标识指数法发现,2023年邛海水质劣于2020~2022年,并且邛海水质指标空间差异性显著,西北部湖区的污染程度高于东部和南部湖区.本文改进的ICWQI_(G)和ICWQI_(P)模型在邛海水质评价中表现了更好的合理性,可为邛海水生态环境精细化管理提供理论支撑,对其他类似水体的水质评价工作具有重要的参考价值.This paper optimized the traditional comprehensive water quality identification index model(CWQI)and established two improved models:the improved comprehensive water quality identification index model based on game theory(ICWQI_(G)),which considered both subjective weight and objective weight,and the improved comprehensive water quality identification index model with phased period combination weights(ICWQI_(P)),which incorporated the variation of weight time.Taking Qionghai Lake as a case,the water quality monitoring data of 11 sampling sites in different hydrological periods from 2020 to 2023 were selected to evaluate the water quality of Qionghai Lake using ICWQI_(G)and ICWQI_(P)models,which could verify the scientific validity of the improved comprehensive water quality identification index method.The results show that,compared with the traditional CWQI model,the improved ICWQI_(G)and ICWQI_(P)models both take into account the factor of TP exceedance.The evaluation results could better reflect the actual water quality of the study area,and sensitively identify more pollution risk areas and severely polluted water bodies.ICWQI_(P)used phased weights instead of uniform weights,compensating the effect of environmental factors such as such as precipitation on the weight of water quality.This could better identify the key environmental variables affecting water quality in different periods,leading to more accurate and reasonable results.At the same time,based on the improved comprehensive water quality identification index method,it was found that the water quality of Qionghai Lake in 2023 was worse than that in 2020~2022.The pollution degree of the northwestern lake area was higher than that in the eastern and southern lake area.The improved ICWQI_(G)and ICWQI_(P)models showed better rationality in the water quality assessment of the Qionghai Lake,providing theoretical support for the refined management of the lake’s ecological environment,and offering important reference value for water quality assessment of o

关 键 词：改进的综合水质标识指数 水质评价 阶段性权重 邛海 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]