改进灌注方式下MICP固化尾矿中重金属形态特征及风险评价  

Speciation characteristics and risk evaluation of heavy metals solidified by MICP under improved perfusion methods

作　　者：汤禹 付俊 陈安[1,2,3] 周罕 张宇 罗磊 TANG Yu;FU Jun;CHEN An;ZHOU Han;ZHANG Yu;LUO Lei(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,Kunming 650093,China;Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co.Ltd,Kunming 650051,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering and Geological Hazards,Kunming 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]自然资源部高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [3]云南省高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [4]中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司,云南昆明650051 [5]云南省岩土工程与地质灾害重点实验室,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第3期1385-1394,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：云南省院士专家工作站(202405AF140045);云南省万人计划产业技术领军人才科技项目(云发改人事(2019)274号);中铝国际重点科研项目(CJ2021JS-06);中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司科技创新项目(2019FGW01);《地质工程》教学案例库,云学位[2019]17号。

摘　　要：探讨了改进灌注方式下微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)技术在固化重金属中的应用.以巴氏芽孢杆菌为脲酶工程菌,通过卵石充填铁丝网构建的直径0.5cm通道灌注方式修复工业固废尾矿,研究了尾矿中重金属迁移规律及MICP固化机理,并进行了风险评价.结果表明:MICP处理后,尾矿中Cu、Pb、Cd的迁移率(MF)显著降低,分别下降78.94%、61.88%、64.06%;碳酸钙生成填充了尾矿模型箱,显著提高了Cu、Pb、Cd的残渣态(76.43%~92.48%),Cu、Cd和Pb均从极高风险降低为中等风险,极大降低了尾矿的污染风险等级.改进灌注方式通过增加菌液扩散通道,提高了菌液与尾矿的接触效率,促进了碳酸钙的快速沉淀与固化,确保了尾矿中均匀渗透并避免固化不均.此研究为MICP技术在治理重金属污染中的工程应用提供了参考依据.This paper investigated the application of an improved perfusion method for microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)technology in the solidification of heavy metals.Bacillus pasteurii was employed as the urease-engineered bacterium,and a 0.5cm diameter channel filled with pebbles and wire mesh was constructed to facilitate the injection treatment of industrial solid waste tailings.The migration behavior of heavy metals in the tailings was examined,the mechanisms of MICP solidification were analyzed,and a risk assessment was conducted.The results indicated that,following MICP treatment,the migration factors(MF)of Cu,Pb,and Cd in the tailings were significantly reduced by 78.94%,61.88%,and 64.06%,respectively.Calcium carbonate precipitation was formed,filling the tailings model box and significantly increasing the residual fractions of Cu,Pb,and Cd(76.43%~92.48%).Consequently,the environmental risks of Cu,Pb,and Cd were reduced from very high to moderate levels,significantly lowering the pollution risk of the tailings.The improved perfusion method was shown to enhance the diffusion channels of the bacterial solution,increased its contact efficiency with the tailings,promoted rapid calcium carbonate precipitation and solidification,and ensured uniform penetration while avoiding uneven solidification.This study provides a valuable reference for the engineering application of MICP technology in heavy metal pollution remediation.

关 键 词：MICP 重金属形态 风险评价 重金属污染 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]