载氧生物炭对水稻土中氮转化及砷迁移的影响  

Effects of oxygen-loaded biochar on nitrogen transformation and arsenic migration in paddy soil

作　　者：丁一淇 黄邓铃尧 唐炳然 粟思橙 谢正权 何强[1] 李宏[1] DING Yi-qi;HUANG Deng-ling-yao;TANG Bing-ran;SU Si-cheng;XIE Zheng-quan;HE Qiang;LI Hong(Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;China Construction Fifth Engineering Bureau CO.,LTD.,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [2]中建五局土木工程有限公司,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第3期1410-1421,共12页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52370199);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0092);重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYB240042);重庆英才计划"包干制"项目(cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0204)。

摘　　要：构建了室内实验体系,研究了添加载氧生物炭对水稻土中氮和砷行为的影响,并分析了载氧生物炭对水稻土-水稻体系砷迁移的阻控效应.结果表明,添加载氧核桃壳炭降低了水稻土间隙水pH值、减缓了DO的下降并改善了Eh.在氮转化方面,载氧核桃壳炭显著提高了水稻土amoA基因的绝对丰度(P<0.05)从而促进了硝化过程,并通过减少氧化亚氮的释放减缓了总氮的流失.在砷迁移方面,载氧核桃壳炭组与核桃壳炭组中水稻土As(III)含量占比在实验结束时分别为42.6%与51.9%,均显著低于对照组(90.2%)(P<0.05).载氧生物炭添加组水稻株高和分蘖数明显升高,水稻根部铁斑块As保留量浓度最高达18.4mg/kg,为对照组的4.2倍,同时载氧核桃壳炭组水稻中砷含量较对照组降低46.3%,这表明载氧生物炭增加了水稻根系的铁斑块浓度,使得更多砷被根系固定,减轻了水稻中砷的积累.研究结果为生物炭对水稻土中氮流失及水稻中砷的阻控提供了新的思路.In this study,we conducted a laboratory experiment to study the effects of oxygen-loaded biochar on nitrogen transformation and arsenic migration in paddy soil,and to assess the inhibition effect of oxygen-loaded biochar on arsenic migration in paddy soil-rice system.The results showed that the oxygen-loaded walnut shell biochar reduced the pH of pore water,alleviated the decline of DO and increased Eh.Meanwhile,the abundance of amo A gene in the paddy soil significantly increased(P<0.05),which promoted the nitrification process.Also the the release of nitrous oxide was reduced and the loss of total nitrogen was depressed.After 80days,the arsenic(III)content in the paddy soil in the oxygen-loaded biochar and biochar applied treatment accounted for 42.6%、51.9%,respectively,which were significantly lower(P<0.05)than that in control(90.2%).The amendment of oxygen-loaded biochar was also responsible for the increase in the height and tillers of rice,as well as the accumulation of iron plaque around rice root,which reached 18.4 mg/kg and was 4.2 times higher than that in control.Therefore,the arsenic content in rice was reduced by 46.3%.This indicates that the addition of oxygen-loaded biochar in paddy soil increased the concentration of iron plaque in rice roots,led to more arsenic fixation,and triggered the reduction in the accumulation of arsenic in rice.The results offer a new sight to inhibit the nitrogen loss in paddy soil and arsenic mitigation in rice.

关 键 词：生物炭 氮转化 砷迁移 铁斑块 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]