拉姆拉错土壤原生动物群落分布及其驱动因素  

Distribution of soil protozoan communities in LhamuLhacuo and its driving factors

作　　者：李明燕 黄倩 李天顺 朱文琎 廖紫星 索南措[1] 普布[1] LI Ming-yan;HUANG Qian;LI Tian-shun;ZHU Wen-jin;LIAO Zi-xing;SUO Nan-cuo;PU Bu(Plateau Zoology Laboratory,Ecological Environment College,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;College of Life Sciences,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院,高原动物学实验室,西藏拉萨850000 [2]河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第3期1517-1528,共12页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U20A2080);西藏大学2024年度硕士研究生"高水平人才培养计划"项目(2022-GSP-S059)。

摘　　要：为探讨拉姆拉错国家湿地公园土壤原生动物的群落结构及其构建机制,于2023年7月,根据拉姆拉错国家湿地公园地理及生境特征共设置了24个大样方,以"梅花五点采样法"共采集到120份土壤样品,使用"非淹没培养法"和"活体观察法"对土壤原生动物进行培养与形态学鉴定,定量研究采用"培养皿直接计数法".共鉴定出土壤原生动物175种,隶属12纲29目55科91属,以动鞭纲(Zoomastigophorea)为主,占总物种数的15.43%,太阳纲(Heliozoea)的物种数最少,仅占总物种数的1.14%.拉姆拉错国家湿地公园土壤原生动物群落α多样性在坡向间无显著性差异(P>0.05),低海拔、中海拔、高海拔的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Simpson优势度指数与超高海拔具有显著性差异(P<0.05).共现网络分析中,不同坡向与不同海拔土壤原生动物群落关系均以正相关为主;海拔、pH值、土壤含水量、土壤有机质、速效钾和植被覆盖度是影响土壤原生动物群落组成的主要土壤环境因子.本研究结果有助于评价和监测拉姆拉错国家湿地公园土壤环境质量的变化,为西藏地区土壤生态功能保护与可持续发展提供基础理论数据.In order to explore the community structure and construction mechanism of soil protozoa in Lhamu Lhacuo National Wetland Park,24 large samples were set up in July 2023 according to the geographical and habitat characteristics in the study using the plum blossom five-point sampling method with a total of 120 soil samples.The culture and morphological identification of soil protozoa were performed by non-submerged culture method and in vivo observation method.The quantitative study was conducted by Petri dish direct counting method.A total of 175 soil protozoa species were identified,belonging to 12 classes,29 orders,55families and 91 genera,mainly composed by species of Zoomastigophorea accounting for 15.43%of the total species,and species of Heliozoea was the least,accounting for 1.14%of the total species only.Theαdiversity of soil protozoa community in Lhamu Lhacuo National Wetland Park.had no significant difference between slopes(P>0.05),and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Simpson dominance index at low,middle and high altitudes were significantly different from those at high altitude(P<0.05).In the co-occurrence network analysis,the relationships between soil protozoan communities in different slope aspects and at different altitudes are mainly positively correlated.Altitude,pH value,soil water content,soil organic matter,available potassium,and vegetation coverage are the main soil environmental factors that affect the composition of soil protozoan communities.The results of this study are helpful for evaluating and monitoring the changes in the soil environmental quality of the Lhamu Lhacuo National Wetland Park,and can provide basic theoretical data for the protection of soil ecological functions and the sustainable development in the Tibet region.

关 键 词：土壤原生动物 群落特征 共现网络 环境因子 拉姆拉错国家湿地公园 

分 类 号：X714[环境科学与工程—环境工程]