活性炭对铜绿微囊藻胞外有机物的吸附规律  

Adsorption properties of extracellular organic matters from Microcystis aeruginosa by activated carbon

作　　者：孙凤[1] 吴磊 叶硕 邓鑫 张朝阳 王彤 丛海兵[1] SUN Feng;WU Lei;YE Shuo;DENG Xin;ZHANG Chao-yang;WANG Tong;CONG Hai-bing(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第3期1546-1555,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3203602);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51708480)。

摘　　要：重点考察了粉末活性炭对不同生长期铜绿微囊藻溶解性胞外有机物(EOM)的吸附去除效果,探究活性炭对不同时期铜绿微囊藻EOM特征性有机组分的去除率及吸附规律.结果发现,粉末活性炭对铜绿微囊藻EOM的有机组分协同去除率较低,仅为18.07%~34.85%,且对EOM中的不同物质组分呈现藻毒素>腐殖酸>蛋白质>多糖的明显吸附率差异.各物质组分在不同生长时期具有不同的易吸附型结构占比,因此导致不同时期吸附量也存在一定差异性.多糖中易吸附结构主要释放于对数期,蛋白质中易吸附结构多分泌于稳定期,藻毒素中多分泌于稳定期和衰亡期,而腐殖酸在各时期的结构类型占比差异并不显著.活性炭对铜绿微囊藻EOM的吸附过程遵循分子尺度选择吸附原则,以中低分子量物质为主,对高分子量物质吸附性极差,这也是导致活性炭对藻源污染物去除率低下的重要因素.本研究对于蓝藻爆发全周期藻源污染物的有效防控具有重要的科学意义.This study investigates the adsorption and removal effects of powdered activated carbon on extracellular organic matters(EOM)from Microcystis aeruginosa(M.aeruginosa)at different growth phases and explores the removal efficiencies and adsorption mechanisms of characteristic organic components in EOM.The results indicated that the synergistic removal efficiency of organic components in M.aeruginosa EOM by powdered activated carbon was relatively low,ranging from 18.07%to 34.85%.Significant differences in adsorption efficiency were observed among different substance components,with the order of removal efficiency being microcystins>humic acids>proteins>polysaccharides.Each substance component exhibited varying proportions of easily adsorbable structures at different growth phases,leading to differences in adsorption capacity across phases.Easily adsorbable structures in polysaccharides were primarily released during the logarithmic phase,while those in proteins were predominantly secreted during the stable phase.Easily adsorbable structures in microcystins were predominantly secreted during the stable and decay phases,while the proportion of humic acid structure types showed no significant differences across phases.The adsorption process of activated carbon on M.aeruginosa EOM followed the principle of molecular-scale selective adsorption,primarily targeting low-and medium-molecular-weight substances,while exhibiting extremely poor adsorption performance for high-molecular-weight substances.This is a key factor contributing to the low removal efficiency of activated carbon for algal pollutants.This study provides significant scientific insights for the effective prevention and control of algal pollutants throughout the entire lifecycle of cyanobacterial blooms.

关 键 词：铜绿微囊藻 胞外有机物 活性炭 吸附 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]