基于适宜性诊断的湖泊湿地沉水植物恢复研究  

Research on submerged macrophytes restoration of lake wetland based on environmental suitability diagnosis

作　　者：郝好鑫 柳雅纯 王岳飞 仲夏 杨宙 李红清[1] 江波[1,2] HAO Haoxin;LIU Yachun;WANG Yuefei;ZHONG Xia;YANG Zhou;LI Hongqing;JIANG Bo(Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan 430051,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Regulation of Non-point Source Pollution in Lake and Reservoir Water Sources,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430051,P.R.China;Anhui Provincial Group Limited for Yangtze-to-Huaihe Water Diversion,Hefei 230000,P.R.China;Anhui Yinjiang Jihuai Ecological Development Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水资源保护科学研究所,湖北武汉430051 [2]长江水利委员会湖库水源地面源污染生态调控重点实验室,湖北武汉430051 [3]安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司,安徽合肥230000 [4]安徽省引江济淮生态发展有限公司,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第2期44-51,共8页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司科技项目(YJJH-ZTZX-20200709301)。

摘　　要：研究沉水植物群落恢复策略,提高沉水植物的恢复效率和降低恢复成本,对湿地生态修复工程至关重要。以引江济淮工程调蓄水体菜子湖为例,根据沉水植物生长的适宜水深和底质条件需求,提出基于适宜性诊断的菜子湖湿地沉水植物群落恢复策略。结果表明,工程规划水平年恢复区域可供沉水植物生长的水深为0.50~2.98 m,速效磷是限制沉水植物幼苗生长的底质因素。基于上述结果,通过筛选适应恢复区水位波动的沉水植物,确定一种采用大茨藻(Najas marina)和小茨藻(Najas minor)进行营养土育苗移栽的恢复策略,及一种通过微地形改造满足苦草(Vallisneria natans)等多种沉水植物生长水深条件的恢复策略。考虑恢复工程效果和成本,建议未来充分利用菜子湖湖滨带地形条件,因地制宜开展多物种沉水植物的规模化恢复。Submerged macrophytes play an important role in maintaining wetland biodiversity,purifying water quality and regulating the biogeochemical cycle.Restoring submerged plants is therefore an important measure for wetland restoration.This paper proposes a method for the restoration of submerged plant communities in lake wetlands based on water level and sediment environment suitability diagnosis.The method is demonstrated through an experimental study carried out within Caizi Lake.The results indicated that the water depth available for submerged plant growth ranged from 0.50 m to 2.98 m,with available phosphorus identified as the sediment factor limiting submerged seedling growth.In light of this,a restoration strategy was developed based on the selection of submerged macrophytes(i.e.Najas marina and Najas minor)that were adapted to water level fluctuation,followed by transplantation using nutrient soil culture.Another restoration strategy to satisfy the demands of water level fluctuation for multiple submerged plants(e.g.,Vallisneria natans et al.)was microtopographic modification.Given the effect and cost of the restoration project,it is recommended that the lakeshore zone of Caizi Lake can be used in the future,and that large-scale restoration of multi-species submerged plants should be carried out according to local conditions.The results are beneficial in enhancing the efficacy and reducing the expenditure of largescale restoration of submerged plants in Caizi Lake.They also serve as a scientific reference for wetland restoration in other shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

关 键 词：湖泊湿地 沉水植物 植被恢复 水位变化 菜子湖 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]