黄河大河家水库温室气体溶存浓度和扩散通量及其影响因素  

Dissolved concentration and diffusion flux of greenhouse gases and their influencing factors in Dahejia Reservoir of the Yellow River

作　　者：夏亮 毛旭锋[1,2] 吴艺 令建康[1,2] 王蕾 何达也 李婧梅 许斌[1,2] Xia Liang;Mao Xufeng;Wu Yi;Ling Jiankang;Wang Lei;He Daye;Li Jingmei;Xu Bin(College of Geographic Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Institute of Plateau Science and Sustainable Development,Xining 810008,China;Key Laboratory of Natural Geography and Environmental Processes of Qinghai Province,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education,Xining 810008,China;School of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China;Qinghai Academy of Social Sciences,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学地理科学学院,高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]南昌工程学院土木与建筑工程学院,江西南昌330099 [4]青海省社会科学院,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第2期72-81,共10页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然基金(52070108);青海省基础研究项目(2022-ZJ-718);青海省创新平台建设项目(2020-ZJ-Y06)。

摘　　要：探讨生物和非生物因素对青藏高原水库温室气体溶存浓度和扩散通量的影响,为高原水库温室气体研究提供基础数据。以黄河大河家水库为研究对象,2021年暖季利用顶空平衡法和扩散模型监测水体CO_(2)、CH_(4)、N_(2)O溶存浓度和扩散通量,分析水体理化性质和沉积物微生物群落对其影响。结果显示(:1)大河家水库各时间段、各水域均表现为CO_(2)、CH_(4)、N_(2)O的源,平均溶存浓度分别为(38.55±9.30)μmol/L、(0.34±0.25)μmol/L、(14.74±7.34)nmol/L;平均扩散通量分别为(751.75±249.21)μmol/(m^(2)·h)、(6.41±4.28)μmol/(m^(2)·h)、(282.4±154.71)nmol/(m^(2)·h);(2)时间尺度上,CO_(2)和N_(2)O溶存浓度和扩散通量均为白天大于夜间,CH_(4)无明显昼夜变化(;3)空间尺度上,CO_(2)和N_(2)O溶存浓度和扩散通量表现为库区和下游河段高于库前和上游河段,CH_(4)表现为上游河段高于其他区域(;4)CO_(2)溶存浓度与水温、总氮呈显著正相关(P<0.05),扩散通量与风速呈显著正相关,N_(2)O溶存浓度和扩散通量与总氮呈显著正相关;(5)CO_(2)扩散通量与厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度存在显著负相关,CH_(4)溶存浓度和扩散通量与放线菌门(Actinobacteria)相对丰度存在显著正相关。Reservoirs are a hot spot for global greenhouse gas emission.Taking the Dahejia reservoir of the Yellow River as the research object,we monitored the dissolved concentrations and diffusion fluxes of CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2)O in the water using the headspace equilibrium method and diffusion model in the warm season of 2021,and analyzed the effects of water physicochemical properties and microbial community in sediment.The results showed that(1)Dahejia reservoir exhibitted sources of CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2)O,with average dissolved concentrations of(38.55±9.3)μmol/L,(0.34±0.25)μmol/L and(14.74±7.34)nmol/L,respectively;the average diffusion fluxes were(751.75±249.21)μmol/(m^(2)·h),(6.41±4.28)μmol/(m^(2)·h)and(282.4±154.71)nmol/(m^(2)·h),respectively;(2)On the temporal scale,the dissolved CO_(2) and N_(2)O concentrations and diffusive fluxes in the daytime were higher than that in the nighttime,and there was no significant diurn al variation in CH_(4);(3)On the spatial scale,CO_(2) and N_(2)O concentrations and diffusive fluxes were higher in the reservoir area and the downstream section than in the pre-reservoir and upstream sections,and CH_(4) was significantly higher in the upstream section than in the other areas.(4)CO_(2) dissolved concentration was positively correlated with water temperature and total nitrogen,and diffusion flux was positively correlated with wind speed;N_(2)O dissolved concentration and diffusion flux were positively correlated with total nitrogen;(5)CO_(2) diffusion flux was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Firmicutes.CH_(4) concentration and diffusion flux were positively related to the relative abundance of Actinobacteria.This study can provide basic data for studying greenhouse gas budget in reservoirs on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：温室气体 溶存浓度 扩散通量 高原水库 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]