金沙江中游支流河流栖息地评价体系构建  

Construction and Application of River Habitat Evaluation System in the Middle Reaches Tributaries of the Jinsha River

作　　者：赵彦颜 李冲[1] 梁媛 崔磊[3] 程红光 殷国栋 谭平 高繁 张宏 ZHAO Yan-yan;LI Chong;LIANG Yuan;CUI Lei;CHENG Hong-guang;YIN Guo-dong;TAN Ping;GAO Fan;ZHANG Hong(College of Water Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute,Beijing 100120,China;Sichuan Energy Investment Panzhihua Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Panzhihua 617068,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司,四川成都611130 [3]水电水利规划设计总院,北京100120 [4]四川省能投攀枝花水电开发有限公司,四川攀枝花617068

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第2期103-113,共11页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271023)。

摘　　要：构建金沙江中游支流栖息地质量评价指标体系,为流域水生生物栖息地保护快速评价提供技术支持。遴选金沙江中游支流栖息地重点保护修复对象,从河道物理生境参数、流域特征、污染风险参数3个层面选取14个指标,构建栖息地质量评价指标体系,借助ArcGIS、InVEST模型等工具进行指标计算,采用综合评价方法进行栖息地质量评价,并对评价结果进行实地踏查评估。结果显示,金沙江中游流域栖息地质量分层面来看,河道物理特征得分较高,而污染风险参数特征得分较低;栖息地质量综合评价得分范围为0.27~0.82,其中47.3%河流为一般等级,其余河流栖息地质量评价等级处于良好以上。对金沙江流域排名前50条支流进行踏查验证,其结果与体系评价结果排名趋势较为一致,可以支撑河流栖息地评价与重要水生生物栖息地识别。研究建立的评价体系所需数据资料易于获取,方法简单高效,适用于金沙江中游支流栖息地质量状况评价,也可为其他流域栖息地评价提供借鉴和支撑。As an important carrier of aquatic ecosystem,river habitat provides space for fish biological resources to multiply and survive.Habitat quality evaluation is an important tool to judge the functional level of river aquatic ecosystem,which can provide scientific suggestions for ecological protection and restoration of river basin.To explore the habitat status of the tributaries in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River and select the key protection and restoration objects,we constructed a habitat quality evaluation index system of 14 indicators(i.e.river length,river width,curvature,watershed area,vegetati on coverage,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and soluble total phosphorus etc.)in this study,which containing three levels of river physical habitat parameters,watershed characteristics,and pollution risk parameters.ArcGIS,InVEST model,and other tools were used to calculate the indicators,and the comprehensive evaluation method was applied to evaluate the habitat quality and investigate the evaluation results on the spot.The results show that the score of physical characteristics of th e middle reaches of the Jinsha River is low,while the score of pollution risk parameters is high.The comprehensive evaluation results of habitat quality were divided into four grades.The score of habitat quality ranges from 0.27 to 0.82,and the qual ity grade was between general and good,of which 47.3%are in general grade,and the remaining 52.6%are in good grade or above.The top 50 tributaries of the Jinsha River Basin were investigated and verified.The results show that the evaluation results are consistent with the ranking trend,and can support habitat evaluation and important habitat identification.The data required for the evaluation system established in this study are easy to obtain,and the method is simple and efficient.This research is suitable for the evaluation of habitat quality in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River,and can also provide reference and support for habitat evaluation in other basins.

关 键 词：河流栖息地 指标体系 生境质量评价 金沙江中游支流 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]