釜溪河浮游植物生物完整性指数构建与生态系统健康评价  

Construction of phytoplankton biotic integrity index and ecosystem health assessment in the Fuxi River

作　　者：廖瑞雪 鲍林林 陈杰 佟洪金 史鸿乐 LIAO Ruixue;BAO Linlin;CHEN Jie;TONG Hongjin;SHI Hongle(Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省生态环境科学研究院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第2期204-213,共10页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：四川省环境厅固体类、应急类科研项目(2021-028);长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目(2022-LHYJ-02-0509-02);四川省科技计划项目(2021ZHYZ0003)。

摘　　要：对釜溪河生态系统健康状况进行评价,识别制约生态系统健康的主要因素,为针对性开展水生态环境保护修复提供科学支撑。2020年11月(秋季)、2021年3月(春季)和2021年8月(夏季)在沱江典型支流釜溪河流域主要水系上下游的7个代表性河段13个点位进行浮游植物群落和水质、栖息地质量监测,采用浮游植物生物完整性指数(P-IBI)进行河流生态系统健康评价。从釜溪河共鉴定出浮游植物7门103种,包括绿藻门40种、硅藻门28种、蓝藻门16种、裸藻门12种、甲藻门3种、隐藻门2种、金藻门2种。根据水质状况及栖息地质量划分参照点与受损点,对物种组成、相对丰富度、群落多样性和生产力等18个浮游植物生物参数进行分布范围分析、判别能力分析及相关性分析,筛选出硅藻总分类单元数、硅藻比例和硅藻GI指数3个核心生物参数构建釜溪河P-IBI,通过比值法计算PIBI分值并基于4分制法明确健康评价标准。结果表明:由于从上游至下游人类活动影响增强导致河流生态系统健康受损程度逐渐加剧,釜溪河生态系统整体为亚健康状态;其中,釜溪河支流上游河段为非常健康,中下游河段为亚健康-不健康,釜溪河下游干流为不健康-病态;河流健康程度秋季>春季>夏季。Pearson相关性分析显示P-IBI与总磷、高锰酸盐指数显著负相关(P<0.05),与栖息地质量呈正相关(P>0.05),表明P-IBI对釜溪河水质污染和栖息地人为破坏具有一定指示作用。应进一步削减流域污染源、优化水动力条件和河流生态系统结构,以改善釜溪河健康状况。Phytoplankton is the main producer of the aquatic ecosystem and can rapidly and sensitively reflect the chan ges of river ecological environment and health status.The phytoplankton community,water quality and habitat quality were investigated during spring,summer and autumn in the main river systems of Fuxi River,a typical tributary of Tuojiang River,and the phytoplankton index of biotic integrity(P-IBI)was used to assess the river ecological health.A total of 7 phyla and 103 species of phytoplankton were identified from Fuxi River,including 40 species of Chlorophyta,28 species of Bacillariophyta,16 species of Cyanophyta,12 species of Euglenophyta,3 species of Pyrrophyta,2 species of Cryptophyta and 2 species of Chrysophyta.According to the water environment quality and habitat condition,the reference sites and damaged sites were divided.The distribution range analysis,discriminant ability analysis and Pearson correlation analysis of 18 phytoplankton biological parameters in terms of species composition,relative richness,community diversity and productivity were carried out.Three core biological parameters,the total taxon number of diatoms,the proportion of diatoms and the GI index of diatoms,were screened out to construct P-IBI of Fuxi River.Then the score of P-IBI was calculated by the ratio method and the health evaluation criteria was defined based on the 4-point method.The results showed that the river ecosystem health in Fuxi River Basin was sub-healthy,and the damage degree of ecosystem health gradually increased from the upper reaches to the lower reaches due to the enhancement of human activities.The upper reaches of the tributaries of Fuxi River were very healthy,the middle and lower reaches of the tributaries were sub-healthy to unhealthy,and the main stream of Fuxi River further downstream was unhealthy to sick.River health was better in autumn than in spring,but the worst in summer.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that P-IBI was negatively correlated with total phosphorus and permanganate index(

关 键 词：浮游植物 生物完整性指数 河流健康评价 栖息地质量 釜溪河 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]