全氟辛酸和五价砷联合暴露对普通小球藻生理生化的影响  

Effects of Combined Exposure of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and As(V)on the Growth,Physiology and Biochemistry of Chlorella Vulgaris

作　　者：李立杰 余佳妮 马永华 廖木兰 葛恒 谭凤霞[1,2] 柴毅[1,3] LI Lijie;YU Jiani;MA Yonghua;LIAO Mulan;GE Heng;TAN Fengxia;CHAI Yi(Engineering Research Center forWetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,P.R.China;College of Animal Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,P.R.China;College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心,湖北荆州434025 [2]长江大学动物科学学院,湖北荆州434025 [3]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第2期223-234,共12页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金(KFT202006)。

摘　　要：水环境中砷(As)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)的毒性及其高检出率和逐年增高的浓度已引起人们的高度重视。探究全氟辛酸和砷联合暴露对水生生物的毒性作用,为全氟化合物和重金属在水生生态系统的联合风险评估提供理论基础。以普通小球藻为受试生物,研究不同浓度PFOA+As^(5+)(0、0.1、0.5、1、1.2和1.5 TU)对普通小球藻的生长、叶绿素(Chl)含量、初级代谢产物、抗氧化酶活性和形态结构的影响。结果表明,在96 h胁迫时,各处理组对普通小球藻的生长均有抑制作用,其中1.5 TU处理组抑制率最高,为63.6%,96 h-IC50为1.104 TU(PFOA和As^(5+)浓度分别为154.28和1.06 mg/L),联合作用模式为部分相加作用,生态风险增加;藻细胞T-Chl、Chl-a、Chl-a/b、总蛋白(TP)、胞内多糖含量均随暴露浓度的增加呈显著下降趋势,Chl-b无明显变化。而胞外多糖和中性脂质呈显著上升;细胞膜通透性、活性氧自由基(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著上升,线粒体膜电位(MMP)显著下降;联合胁迫下,藻细胞总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和三磷酸腺苷酶(ATPase)活性显著下降,而总巯基(-SH)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性显著上升;TEM和SEM结果表明,联合胁迫会破坏藻细胞的内部结构和外部形态;藻细胞对PFOA和As^(5+)的吸收降解并不显著,但在实际环境浓度长期暴露下,藻细胞对其吸收降解和生物富集还有待进一步研究。In this study,Chlorella vulgaris was selected as the test organism,and we explored the toxic effects of combined exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)and arsenic(As)on C.vulgaris,focusing on growth,chlorophyll(Chl)content,primary metabolites,antioxidant enzyme activities and morphology.Five concentrations of PFOA+As(V)[0.1,0.5,1,1.2 and 1.5 Toxic Unit(TU)]and a control group were set for the acute toxicity test,with each treatment in triplicate,an initial C.vulgaris density of 1×10^(6) cells/mL and an exposure period of 96h.At the end of the test,the physiochemical parameters of C.vulgaris for each treatment were determined.All PFOA+As(V)treatments inhibited C.vulgaris growth,with the highest decrease(63.6%)at the highest dose(1.5 TU),and the 96h halfmaximum inhibitory concentration(IC50)was 1.104 TU,with PFOA and As(V)concentrations of 154.28 mg/L and 1.06 mg/L.The combined action mode was a partial additivity,which increased the ecological risk.With increased exposure concentration,the contents of total Chl,Chl-a,Chl-a/b,total protein(TP)and intracellular polysaccharide all decreased significantly,while the content of Chl-b did not significantly change.The extracellular polysaccharide and neutral lipid increased significantly.Photosynthesis was inhibited,resulting in a significant increase of cell membrane permeability,reactive oxide species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA),and a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP).Under the combined toxic stress,the antioxidant system of algal cells was disordered,and the activities of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase(TSOD),catalase(CAT)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)significantly decreased,while the activities of sulfhydryl(-SH)and glutathione(GSH)significantly increased.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)results show that combined stress destroyed both the internal structure and external morphology of algal cells.The uptake and degradation of PFOA and As(V)by algal cells were not sig

关 键 词：砷 全氟辛酸 普通小球藻 联合毒性 抗氧化酶 超微结构 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]