面向企业生态系统适应性互惠的整合式评价方法  

Ecosystem evaluation method based on adaptive reciprocity

作　　者：侯芳[1,2] HOU Fang(School of Management,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China;Northeastern Evaluation Center,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110167,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学管理学院,沈阳110870 [2]东北大学东北评价中心,沈阳110167

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2025年第2期571-588,共18页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：辽宁省“百千万人才工程”项目(LNBQW2018Q0145);国家自然科学基金(71401109)。

摘　　要：企业生态系统通过网络结构与功能机制,在生产要素的运作过程中考虑上下游关系和空间布局,形成关联网络.为探究企业生态系统的作用机制,分析在不同场景下适应性互惠的主体如何评价,本文构建了整合式评价方法.通过节点网络的结构特征,基于系统群聚特征(如功能性或资源性群聚),判断链群的状态,考虑企业生态系统网络结构,通过链群互惠判断和链群互惠效用的联合分布来改进链群互惠效用.同时,通过网络节点互惠判断区分连接形式(与现有互惠节点连接、与新节点连接和随机连接),从而量化网络节点在生态系统中的适应性变化.结合高阶网络结构参数的共圈特征,修正节点的生态系统适应度.本研究应用场景涉及评价要素的整合方式,以及整合哪些要素的判据,同时解析了特定场景下的嵌入式评价和脱嵌式评价模式.其中嵌入式评价侧重于链群评价,而脱嵌式评价侧重于节点评价.经过调节后,企业生态系统存在多种状态,如理想状态、正向演化状态、结构调整状态、系统呈扩张状态和不适配状态等.本研究为企业生态系统研究提供了整合式评价的研究视角,并在不同应用场景下分析了适应性互惠的决策建议,有助于企业基于适应性互惠进行生态系统结构的优化和调节.Enterprise ecosystems take into account upstream and downstream relationships as well as physical layout in the operation process of production elements to construct an association network through the coupling structure and functional mechanism.This research creates an integrated assessment approach to investigate the corporate ecosystem mechanism and analyze how to assess the adaptive reciprocity issue under various circumstances.The state of the chain cluster is assessed using the network node’s structural characteristics,which are based on system clustering characteristics(such as functional or resource clustering).Taking into account the enterprise ecosystem’s network structure,the chain cluster reciprocity utility is enhanced through the joint distribution of the chain cluster reciprocity utility and the chain cluster reciprocity evaluation.In order to measure the adaptive changes of network nodes in the ecosystem,the network node reciprocity judgment also makes a distinction between the types of connections-connections with newly established reciprocal nodes,connections with existing nodes,and random connections.Combining the co-circulation properties of the higher order network structural factors modifies the nodes’response to the ecosystem.The study’s application scenarios cover embedded and de-embedded assessment modes in particular scenarios,as well as how to integrate assessment aspects and decide which elements to incorporate.Chains are the main emphasis of the embedded evaluation,while nodes are the main focus of the de-embedded evaluation.The enterprise ecosystem can be found in a number of states following regulation,including ideal,positive,development,structural adjustment,growth,and mismatch states.In order to assist enterprises in optimizing and regulating the ecosystem structure based on adaptive reciprocity,this study offers a research perspective of integrated evaluation for enterprise ecosystem research and analyzes the decision proposals of adaptive reciprocity in various applicati

关 键 词：整合式评价 适应性互惠 企业生态系统 场景 

分 类 号：C934[经济管理—管理学]