地铁列车客室气流组织特性研究  

Airflow Organization Characteristics of Metro Train Passenger Compartment

作　　者：于海飞 韩崇益 屠小娥 张行健 臧建彬[2] YU Haifei;HAN Chongyi;TU Xiaoe;ZHANG Xingjian;ZANG Jianbin(CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co.,Ltd.,210031,Nanjing,China;School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering,Tongji University,200092,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司,南京210031 [2]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2025年第3期143-147,153,共6页Urban Mass Transit

摘　　要：[目的]地铁空调系统的送风舒适性是衡量其性能的重要指标。为确保乘客乘坐的舒适性,需将客室内温度、风速控制在合理区间,因此,有必要对地铁车厢内的气流组织进行深入研究。[方法]针对某地铁列车的Tc车(带司机室的拖车)客室,综合分析其车辆参数及运用环境,对风道结构实施优化。在此基础上,构建几何模型并进行网格划分。采用计算流体力学方法,结合HyperMesh和STAR-CCM+等CFD(计算流体动力学)仿真软件,模拟计算空载与满载两种工况,分析各工况下客室气流组织与温度特性,并通过试验测试进行验证对比。[结果及结论]各工况下车厢内主体流速均保持在0.5 m/s以下,避免了对乘客产生显著吹风感,但仍存在气流短路与对冲现象。空载状态下,客室内气流组织与温度分布均匀性均表现良好;满载时,温度分布均匀性有所下降。优化后的风道结构展现出良好的送风效果。[Objective]The comfort of airflow delivery in metro air-conditioning systems is a critical indicator for the performance measurement.To ensure passenger comfort,it is necessary to maintain the indoor temperature and air velocity within a reasonable range in the passenger compartments.Therefore,an in-depth study of the airflow organiztion inside metro train compartments is essential.[Method]Focusing on the passenger compartment of a Tc car(trailer car with driver′s cabin)in a specific metro train,a comprehensive analysis of vehicle parameters and operating environment is conducted,followed by optimization of the air duct structure.On this basis,a geometric model is constructed and meshed.Using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)methods and simulation tools such as HyperMesh and STAR-CCM+,the airflow organization and temperature characteristics in the compartment are simulated under both no-load and full-load conditions.Experimental tests are carried out to validate and compare the simulation results.[Result&Conclusion]Under all operating conditions,the main airflow velocity within the compartment remains below 0.5 m/s,avoiding significant draft discomfort for passengers.However,issues of airflow short-circuiting and counterflow are still observed.In un-load condition,the compartment exhibits good uniformity in airflow organization and temperature distribution,while in full-load condition,the temperature distribution uniformity declines.The optimized air duct structure demonstrates excellent airflow delivery performance.

关 键 词：地铁列车 气流组织 温度分布 多工况 

分 类 号：U270.383[机械工程—车辆工程]