简帛数术文献中“招摇毄”“玄戈毄”研究  

Study of"Zhaoyao Ji"and"Xuange Ji"in Bamboo and Silk Technical Documents

作　　者：贺璐璐 He Lulu

机构地区：[1]枣庄学院文学院

出　　处：《出土文献》2025年第1期92-101,171,共11页Excavated Documents

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“简帛阴阳五行类文献集成及综合研究”(20&ZD272);山东省社科规划研究项目“银雀山汉简阴阳时令占候类佚书整理与研究”(24DLSJ04);山东省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目“阴阳五行学说视野下的银雀山汉简时令类文献研究”(2024ZSMS279)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：据帛书《玄戈昭榣》、清代《协纪辨方书》等相关资料,“毄”当读为“击”,表对冲。马王堆帛书与睡虎地秦简“招摇毄”“玄戈毄”对应神煞作“招摇”“玄戈”,并用“击”说明对应的星宿、地支。睡简“招摇击”与厌对运行情况相同,故此“招摇击”即厌对,招摇即月厌(阴建)。帛书“招摇击”运行与月破相同,故此“招摇击”即月破,招摇即月建(阳建)。睡简“招摇击”、帛书“招摇击”由北斗依据二元对立结构分化产生。睡简“玄戈击”“招摇击”正月同起辰位,运行方向相反,是一对二元对立神煞。睡简“玄戈击”与帛书《祭(一)》“玄戈击”相同,与《玄戈昭榣》“玄戈击”属于不同神煞系统,后者运行接近大时,和帛书“招摇击”构成一对二元对立神煞。According to relevant materials from the silk manuscript Xuange zhaoyi玄戈昭榣and the Qing Dynasty's Xieji bianfang shu协纪辨方书,the character毄should be read as ji击,which means"to strike."The day spirits corresponding to the Mawangdui silk manuscript and Shuihudi Qin manuscript's"Zhaoyao ji"招摇毄and"Xuange ji"玄戈毄are Zhaoyao招:and Xuange玄戈,and they use ji击to explain the corresponding stars and the Twelve Earthly Branches.Within the Shuihudi Qin bamboo slips Zhaoyao ji招摇击works similar and can thus be understood as oppressive,i.e.,monthly oppression(Yang Establishment).The operation of Zhaoyao ji in the Mawangdui Silk manuscript works similar and can be understood as crushing,i.e.,monthly crushing(Yin Establishment).The Zhaoyao jisystem in the Shuihudi and Mawangdui manuscripts differentiated and developed out of the Dipper's binary opposition structure.Xuange ji and Zhaoyao ji in the Shuihudi manuscripts start from the Chen辰position in the first month and run in the opposite direction.They represent a pair of binary opposite day spirits.Xuange ji in Shuihudi manuscripts is the same as in the Silk manuscript Ji(Ⅰ)祭(一)but differs from the day spirit system in the Xuange zhaoyao manuscript.The latter runs close to the major hours and forms a pair of binary opposites with the Silk manuscript's Zhaoyao ji.

关 键 词：招摇毄 玄戈毄 毄 二元对立神煞 

分 类 号：K877[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] B992[历史地理—历史学]