有机无机肥配施对烤烟产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on the Yield and Quality of Flue‑cured Tobacco

作　　者：刘芳[1] 孟智勇[1] 马浩波[1] 李朋 宗胜杰 宋笑龙 王俊生 李岩 冀德红 LIU Fang;MENG Zhiyong;MA Haobo;LI Peng;ZONG Shengjie;SONG Xiaolong;WANG Junsheng;LI Yan;JI Dehong(Tobacco Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,China;Xuchang Tobacco Company,Xuchang 461000,China;Jiahe County Branch of Chenzhou Tobacco Company,Jiahe 423000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南许昌461000 [2]许昌市烟草公司,河南许昌461000 [3]郴州市烟草公司嘉禾县分公司,湖南嘉禾423000

出　　处：《种业导刊》2025年第1期66-72,共7页Journal of Seed Industry Guide

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目(HN2020KJ10);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2024ZC045)。

摘　　要：为进一步提高烟叶产质量,节省施肥成本,以烤烟品种云烟87为供试材料,通过田间试验,在施氮量不变的基础上设置配施15%(CK)、20%、25%、30%的有机氮共4个处理,对田间烟叶长势和烤后烟叶产质量进行对比分析。结果表明,保证施氮量不变,配施25%有机氮,可以促进株高增高,中部叶最大叶面积增大,有效优化农艺性状;提高色度,减少含青度和挂灰杂色,增加油分,改善烟叶外观质量;香气质变好、香气量增多,杂气、刺激性降低,更大程度提高烤后烟叶感官评吸质量;上等烟比例提高至68.03%,中上部烟叶产量增加34.5 kg/hm^(2),产值增加1649.7元/hm^(2),对提高经济效益发挥积极作用。在永州植烟地区可以示范推广施氮量不变、有机氮25%+无机氮75%的施肥配比方案。In order to further improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves and save fertilization costs,the flue‑cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 was used as the test material.Through field experiments,four fertilization schemes were set up,including 15%(CK),20%,25%,and 30%organic nitrogen with no change in nitrogen application rate.The growth of tobacco leaves in the field and the yield and quality of cured tobacco leaves were compared and analyzed.The results showed that ensuring the same nitrogen application rate and increasing the proportion of organic nitrogen application at 25%could promote plant height increase and increase the maximum leaf area of the middle leaf,effectively optimizing agronomic traits;It could improve chromaticity,reduce greenness and gray discoloration,increase oil content,and improve the appearance quality of tobacco leaves;The aroma quality had improved,the amount of aroma has increased,the impurities and irritations had decreased,and the sensory evaluation quality of roasted tobacco leaves had been greatly improved.The proportion of high‑quality tobacco had increased to 68.03%,the yield of middle and upper tobacco leaves had increased by 34.5 kg/ha,and the output value had increased by 1649.7 yuan/ha,playing a positive role in improving economic benefits.In the tobacco planting area of Yongzhou,a fertilization ratio scheme of 25%organic nitrogen and 75%inorganic nitrogen with unchanged nitrogen application rate can be demonstrated and promoted.

关 键 词：烤烟 有机肥 无机肥 肥料配比 产质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]