支气管肺泡灌洗治疗儿童重症肺炎的疗效及安全性分析  

The efficacy and safety analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage in the treatment of severe pneumonia in children

作　　者：杨丽 侯思雨 王欣悦 雷君 彭小铜 YANG Li;HOU Siyu;WANG Xinyue;LEI Jun;PENG Xiaotong(Shaoyang Hospital affiliated to University of South China,Shaoyang 422000,China;Shaoyang Central Hospital,Shaoyang 422000,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学附属邵阳医院,湖南邵阳422000 [2]邵阳市中心医院,湖南邵阳422000

出　　处：《延边大学医学学报》2025年第1期62-65,共4页Journal of Medical Science Yanbian University

摘　　要：目的:探讨支气管肺泡灌洗治疗不同严重程度儿童重症肺炎的疗效及安全性。方法:回顾性分析2022年6月至2024年6月邵阳市中心医院儿科收治的560例重症肺炎患儿临床资料,将其根据所采取的氧气支持方式分为鼻导管吸氧组、持续正压通气组(CPAP组)及机械通气组,再根据是否进行支气管肺泡灌洗将鼻导管吸氧组分为A组和B组,CPAP组分为C组和D组,机械通气组分为E组和F组,其中A组、C组、E组实施常规治疗,B组、D组、F组实施常规治疗+支气管肺泡灌洗治疗。结果:与A组相比,B组的咳嗽持续时间、肺部啰音持续时间、住院时间较短(P<0.05),住院费用、各项炎症指标水平较低(P<0.05),临床疗效更优(P<0.05)。与C组相比,D组的咳嗽持续时间、肺部啰音持续时间、住院时间较短(P<0.05),住院费用、各项炎症指标水平较低(P<0.05),临床疗效更优(P<0.05)。与E组相比,F组的咳嗽持续时间、肺部啰音持续时间、住院时间较短(P<0.05),住院费用、各项炎症指标水平较低(P<0.05),临床疗效更优(P<0.05)。B组、D组、F组均未出现气胸、喉痉挛、麻醉药物过敏等严重的并发症。结论:支气管肺泡灌洗治疗儿童重症肺炎疗效确切,可以缓解患儿的症状,减轻炎症反应,缩短病程,且安全性较高。Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of bronchoalveolar lavage in the treatment of severe pneumonia in children with different severity.Methods:Clinical data of 560 children with severe pneumonia admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of Shaoyang Central Hospital from June 2022 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed,and they were divided into nasal catheter oxygen inhalation group,continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)group and mechanical ventilation group according to the oxygen support method.Then,according to whether bronchoalveolar lavage was performed,the nasal catheter oxygen inhalation group was further divided into group A and group B,the CPAP group into group C and group D,and the mechanical ventilation group into group E and group F.Groups A,C and E received conventional treatment,and groups B,D and F received conventional treatment plus bronchoalveolar lavage.Results:Compared with groups A,C and E,groups B,D and F had shorter cough duration,lung rales duration and hospitalization time,lower hospitalization costs and levels of various inflammatory indexes,and better clinical efficacy(P<0.05).Groups B,D and F did not experience serious complications such as pneumothorax,laryngeal spasms,or anesthesia drug allergies.Conclusion:Bronchoalveolar lavage is effective in treating severe pneumonia in children,as it can alleviate symptoms,reduce inflammatory reactions,shorten the course of the disease,and has high safety.

关 键 词：重症肺炎 支气管肺泡灌洗 儿童 炎症指标 安全性 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]