我国棉花产业生物育种和创新利用的发展与展望  

Development and Perspective of Biological Breeding and Innovation Utilization in Cotton Industry in China

作　　者：王智 李勇辉[1] 杨召恩 葛晓阳 杨作仁[1,3] 李付广 WANG Zhi;LI Yong-Hui;YANG Zhao-En;GE Xiao-Yang;YANG Zuo-Ren;LI Fu-Guang(Zhengzhou base,State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio Breeding and Integrated Utilization,Zhengzhou,450001,China;National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya),Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572024,China;Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室郑州基地,郑州450001 [2]中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院,三亚572024 [3]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,安阳455000

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2025年第3期650-658,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：新疆厅地联动项目(2022B02052);中国农业科学院南繁专项(YBXM2414,YBXM2440);河南省重点研发计划(231111110400)。

摘　　要：棉花(Gossypium spp.)是重要的经济作物,棉花产业在我国乡村振兴、经济发展和民生保障等多方面发挥着重要作用。建国至今,我国棉花的基础研究、农业生产和产业发展均发生了显著变化和巨大进步。其中棉花新品种的选育和利用在棉花产业链发展中占据重要地位。现代分子生物学的快速发展显著推动了棉花生物育种技术的创新,促进了棉花从传统育种到分子育种的迭代升级。同时,棉籽、棉酚等高价值棉产品的创新性研究和研发有力促进了棉花创新价值开发和综合利用的提升。总体来看,我国棉花的基础研究和全产业链一体化发展取得了显著进步,提升了我国棉花的品质和市场竞争力。在科技创新驱动下,我国棉花育种产业将加大结构调整优化和产业升级,实现更高质量的发展。Cotton(Gossypium spp.)is an important cash crop and the cotton industry plays an important role in rural revitalization,economic development and people's livelihood security in China.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,the basic research,agricultural production and industrial development of cotton in China have undergone significant changes and progress.Among that,the varieties breeding and utilization of cotton take up an important position in the development of cotton industry strain.Rapid development of modern molecular biology has significantly promoted the innovation of cotton biological breeding technology,and improves the iterative upgrading from traditional breeding to molecular breeding of cotton.At the same time,the innovative study and development of valuable cotton products such as cottonseed and gossypol have effectively promoted the development of innovative value and comprehensive utilization of cotton.On the whole,the basic research and the integrated development of the whole industry chain have made significant progress,which has improved the quality and market competitiveness of China's cotton.Driven by scientific and technological innovation,China's cotton breeding industry would strengthen the structural adjustment and optimization,and industrial upgrading to achieve higher-quality development.

关 键 词：棉花 产业升级 生物育种 创新利用 

分 类 号：S33[农业科学—作物遗传育种]