林分密度对伏牛山南麓山茱萸人工林林下草本植物多样性和土壤性质的影响  

Effect of Stand Density on Understory Herb Diversity and Soil Properties in the Cornus officinalis Plantation at the Southern Foot of Funiu Mountain

作　　者：张慧 燕怡帆 朱雅 陈玉婷 王菁华 崔志鹏 杨迪 任学敏[1,3] Zhang Hui;Yan Yifan;Zhu Ya;Chen Yuting;Wang Jinghua;Cui Zhipeng;Yang Di;Ren Xuemin(College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang Henan 473061,China;College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang Henan 471023,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line Project of South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province,Nanyang Henan 473061,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院,河南南阳473061 [2]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471023 [3]河南省南水北调中线水源区生态安全重点实验室,河南南阳473061

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报(自然科学)》2025年第1期96-105,共10页Journal of Southwest Forestry University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(232102111024)资助;国家自然科学基金项目(31401307)资助。

摘　　要：采用典型样地法,在伏牛山南麓(38±3)年生山茱萸人工林的5种林分密度(535、715、895、1 030、1 250株/hm^(2))内各设置5个样方,调查林下草本植物种类、高度,测定土壤理化性质,检验不同密度下各指标的差异。结果表明:林分密度对山茱萸人工林下草本植物组成和多样性存在明显影响,随密度增加,优势种快速转换,密度535、715株/hm^(2)为尼泊尔蓼,密度895、1 030、1 250株/hm^(2)分别为山冷水花、两型豆和裂苞铁苋菜;不同密度间物种相似性系数随密度差异增大基本呈减小趋势,最大为0.70,最小为0.47。草本植物多样性随林分密度增加呈先增加后减小的变化趋势,均在密度715株/hm^(2)达最高值;土壤总孔隙度、田间持水量、饱和含水量和有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾、有效钾含量随林分密度表现出与草本植物多样性相似的变化趋势,在715或895株/hm^(2)的中低密度达最大值。综合评分表明,密度715株/hm^(2)得分最高,其后依次为密度895、535、1 030、1 250株/hm^(2)。林分密度715株/hm^(2)是山茱萸人工林的最适密度,该密度能较好地提高林下草本植物多样性和改善土壤理化性质。Using the typical plot method,5 plots of Cornus officinalis were set up in each of the 5 stand dens-ities(535,715,895,1030 and 1250 plants/hm^(2))at the southern foot of Funiu Mountain.The species and height of understory herb were investigated,soil physicochemical properties were measured,and differences in various in-dicators were tested under different densities.The results showed that the stand density had a significant impact on the composition and diversity of understory herb in the C.officinalis plantation.The dominant species rapidly transformed with the density increased.The dominant species at densities 535 and 715 plants/hm^(2) were Poly-gonum nepalense,while at densities 895,1030 and 1250 plants/hm^(2) were Pilea japonica,Amphicarpaea edge-worthii,and Acalypha supera,respectively.The species similarity coefficient between different densities showed a decreasing trend with the density difference increased,with a maximum of 0.70 and a minimum of 0.47.The un-derstory herb diversity showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of stand density,and reached the highest value in the density 715 plants/hm^(2).The total soil porosity,field capacity,saturated water content,organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium,and available potassium content showed a similar changing trend with the diversity of herbaceous plants according to the stand density,reaching the maximum value at the medium and low densities of 715 or 895 plants/hm^(2).The comprehensive scoring results showed that the density of 715 plants/hm^(2) had the highest score,followed by the densities of 895,535,1030,and 1250 plants/hm^(2).The study suggested that the stand density of 715 plants/hm^(2) was the optimal density for C.officinalis plantation,as it could better enhance the diversity of herbaceous plants under the forest and improve the soil physical and chemical properties.

关 键 词：林分密度 山茱萸人工林 林下植被 物种多样性 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S718.51[农业科学—林学]