昆明市景观格局时空动态变化对人为干扰的响应  

Response of Temporal and Spatial Dynamic Changes of Landscape Pattern to Human Disturbance in Kunming City

作　　者：张晓丽 吴勇 黄天宝 欧光龙 申瀚文 Zhang Xiaoli;Wu Yong;Huang Tianbao;Ou Guanglong;Shen Hanwen(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650233,China;Yunnan Institute of Forest Inventory and Planning,Kunming Yunnan 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650233 [2]云南省林业调查规划院,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报(自然科学)》2025年第1期128-136,共9页Journal of Southwest Forestry University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0733)资助。

摘　　要：以昆明市及其中心建成区为研究对象,1990-2020年景观分类数据为基础,采用土地利用转移矩阵、梯度分析法及景观干扰度分析了研究区时间序列上景观格局的空间演变特征以及干扰的响应。结果表明:昆明市城镇化过程,建设用地景观在30 a间增长了3倍,其中,80%来源于耕地,14%来源于草地。在政策的驱动下,林地一直呈现增长态势,年均增量为50 km^(2)。建成区以质心为圆心向外呈圈层单核发展到以建成区为轴线的多点跳跃性扩张,主要扩张方向为东南、西南和东北。昆明市90%为低干扰度(LD)及中低干扰度(LMD),中干扰度(MD)为7%,中高干扰度(MHD)及高干扰度(HD)占比为3%。中心建成区4 km内MD占比15%,MHD及HD总体占比8%,景观干扰度高于其他距离。本研究可以为昆明市土地规划方案制定和城市发展方向调控提供重要依据。Based on 30 m×30 m resolution land use images from 1990 to 2020 in Kunming City,the spatial evolution characteristics of landscape patterns and the response of the disturbance in the study area were analyzed by using land use transfer matrix,gradient analysis,and landscape disturbance degree.The results show that dur-ing the urbanization of Kunming,the building land has increased by 3 times in 30 years,80%of the expansion land comes from farmland,and 14%from grassland.Driven by the policy,forest land shows an increasing trend,with an average annual increment of 50 km2.The built-up area shows a multi-point leaping expansion from the center of mass to the axis of the built-up area.The main expansion directions are southeast,southwest and northw-est.In Kunming,90%of the interference was LD and LMD,the MD was 7%,and the proportion of MHD and HD was 3%in total.Within 4 km of the central built-up area,the MD accounted for 15%,the MHD and HD accoun-ted for 8%,and the landscape interference degree was higher than at other distances.This study can provide important basis for the formulation of land planning scheme and the regulation of urban development direction in Kunming.

关 键 词：景观格局 梯度分析 景观指数 景观干扰度 土地利用 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]