论舍勒的人格理论及其争议  

Scheler’s Theory of Personality and Its Controversies

作　　者：周振权 Zhou Zhenquan(School of Philosophy,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学哲学学院

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期39-45,199,共8页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“胡塞尔‘爱’的现象学研究”(22BZX114);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金支持项目(20wkpy91)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：舍勒的人格理论备受争议。斯皮尔伯格批评舍勒的人格理论并没有现象学的基础,并且他对自己的论断不作任何论证。而皮尔里却认为,尽管舍勒的学说自身存在矛盾,但还是可以发现舍勒人格理论的深刻性。这些争议敞开了舍勒的人格理论被重新评估的空间。通过对舍勒人格理论相关文献的梳理及其与康德、胡塞尔的人格理论相对照,可以辨明的是:尽管在某种程度上舍勒的观点有洞察力,但其自身的合理性基础却不稳固。一方面,舍勒对康德观点不公正的批判削弱了其理论的有效性;另一方面,在舍勒理论内部出现了严重的前后不一致,降低了其理论的合理性。Scheler’s theory of personality has been a subject of much controversy.Spielberg criticizes Scheler’s theory for lacking a phenomenological basis and for making assertions without any justification.In contrast,Pieri believes that despite the contradictions in Scheler’s theory,its depth can still be recognized.These controversies open up the space for a reevaluation of Scheler’s theory of personality.By reviewing the relevant literature on Scheler’s theory and comparing it with the personality theories of Kant and Husserl,it can be clarified that:although Scheler’s views are insightful to some extent,their foundational rationality is unstable.On one hand,Scheler’s unjust critique of Kant’s views weakens the effectiveness of his theory;on the other hand,significant inconsistencies within Scheler’s theory reduce its rationality.

关 键 词：舍勒 康德 人格理论 现象学 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]