沧州市2011—2022年法定传染病流行趋势分析  

Analysis of the epidemic trend of notifiable infectious diseases in Cangzhou City from 2011 to 2022

作　　者：兰艳芳 陈静[1] 高哲敏 张晓彤 龚子钰 LAN Yanfang;CHEN Jing;GAO Zhemin;ZHANG Xiaotong;GONG Ziyu(Department of Information,Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cangzhou,Hebei 061000,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市疾病预防控制中心信息科,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2025年第4期350-355,360,共7页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河北省2023年医学科学研究课题项目(20231189);沧州市科技计划自筹经费项目(222106144)。

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2022年沧州市法定传染病的流行趋势,为传染病防控工作提供科学依据。方法归纳整理国家传染病报告信息管理系统中2011—2022年沧州市传染病报告资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果2011—2022年沧州市法定传染病共报告32种,病例336359例,死亡病例190例。年均发病率为376.19/10万,总体呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=19898.265,P<0.001)。无甲类传染病报告;乙类传染病年均发病率为204.98/10万,呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=3495.930,P<0.001);丙类传染病年均发病率为174.55/10万,呈波动下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=20671.208,P<0.001)。法定传染病年均报告发病率居前五位的病种分别为病毒性肝炎、手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核和流行性感冒;不同传播途径传染病年均发病率顺序为肠道传染病>血源及性传播传染病>呼吸道传染病>自然疫源及虫媒传染病;男女性别比为1.42∶1,发病人群以农民、散居儿童为主,占总发病例数的81.95%。结论沧州市2011—2022年法定传染病年均发病率总体呈下降趋势,应重视传染病防控,结合重点人群、重点传染病、发病季节等因素制定针对性强的防治措施,降低传染病发病率。Objective To analyze epidemic trend of notifiable infectious diseases in Cangzhou City from 2011 to 2022,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.Methods The reporting data notifiable infectious diseases in Cangzhou City from 2011 to 2022 were inductive sorted from the national infectious disease reporting information management system.The descriptive epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis,and the Chi-square test was used for rate comparisons.Results A total of 32 types of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Cangzhou City from 2011 to 2022,encompassing 336359 cases and 190 deaths,with an average annual incidence rate of 376.19/100000,showing an overall decreasing trend(χ_(trend)^(2)=19898.265,P<0.001).No cases of Class A infectious diseases were reported.The average annual incidence rate of Class B infectious diseases was 204.98/100000,showing a decreasing trend(χ_(trend)^(2)=3495.930,P<0.001).The average annual incidence rate of Class C infectious diseases was 174.55/100000,displaying a fluctuating downward trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=20671.208,P<0.001).The top five groups of incidence rates of average annual reported notifiable infectious diseases were viral hepatitis,hand-foot-and-mouth disease,other infectious diarrheal diseases,tuberculosis and influenza.The average annual incidence rates of infectious diseases by different transmission routes was in the order of intestinal infectious diseases>blood-borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases>respiratory tract infectious diseases>natural focal characteristics and insect-borne diseases.The sex ratio of men to women was 1.42∶1,and the affected population was mainly farmers and scattered children,accounting for 81.95%of the total onset of cases.Conclusion From 2011 to 2022,the average annual incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases in Cangzhou City shows an overall decreasing trend.It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and control of infectious diseases.Key pop

关 键 词：法定传染病 发病率 死亡率 流行特征 趋势 分析 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]