考古报告署名的“类型学”分析与署名权初论  

作　　者：吴卫红 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学人文与社会科学学院

出　　处：《海岱考古》2024年第3期86-103,共18页

摘　　要：考古报告的署名,在中国考古学界的出版物上经历了不同时代的变化,通过“考古类型学”理念的分析,可知以1956~1958年为过渡阶段分为前后两期,单位署名最终取代了自然人署名,这种变化虽是受1950年代社会变化的影响,但同时期其他相近学科的署名并未受到影响,这种变化显然是考古学界的特殊现象。本文以《中华人民共和国著作权法》为基础分析署名权的法理,并从考古材料撰写中包含的大量智力成果角度进行探讨,提出需要重新恢复自然人署名原则,与社会发展和其他学科接轨,破解缠绕中国考古学界多年的困局,更重要的是由此改变学界、社会对“考古只是提供材料”“考古资料不算科研成果”的偏见,明确对考古报告中智力劳动性质的认可,提高考古工作者整理考古资料的积极性,促进学科发展。The authorship of archaeological reports has changed over time in the publications of the Chinese archaeological community.By analyzing the concept of“archaeological typology”,authorship can be divided into two periods,with 1956-1958 as the transitional phase.The authorship by institutions eventually replaced that of individual persons.Although this shift was infl uenced by the social changes of the 1950s,the authorship practices of other similar disciplines were not affected,making this a unique phenomenon in the fi eld of archaeology.Grounded in Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China,this paper analyzes the legal principles of authorship rights and discusses the intellectual contributions contained in the publication of archaeological materials.It proposes the need to restore the principle of individual authorship in alignment with social development and other disciplines,to resolve a longstanding issue in Chinese archaeology.More importantly,it aims to change the prevailing prejudice in academia and society that“archaeology merely provides materials”and that“archaeological data are not scientifi c achievements”.It seeks to emphasize the recognition of intellectual labor in archaeological reports,improve archaeologists’motivation to organize archaeological data,and promote the development of the discipline.

关 键 词：考古报告 署名 类型学 职务作品 智力劳动 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]