川明参新品种‘成明1号’的选育研究  

Breeding of Chuanminshen violaceum New Cultivar'Chengming No.1'

作　　者：魏家欣 谢永 张俊丽 谢芯玥 向缅 许轲 薛慧玲[1] WEI Jia-xin;XIE Yong;ZHANG Jun-li;XIE Xin-yue;XIANG Mian;XU Ke;XUE Hui-ling(College of Food and Biological Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Provincial Horticultural Crop Technology Extension Station,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学食品与生物工程学院,四川成都610106 [2]四川省中医药科学院,四川成都610041 [3]四川省园艺作物技术推广总站,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中药材》2024年第4期810-814,共5页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系四川创新团队项目(SCCXTD-2023-19);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2022YFS0592);四川省科技创新苗子工程资助项目(MZGC20230119,MZGC20230126)

摘　　要：目的:获得生长健壮、产量高、遗传性状稳定的川明参新品种。方法:采用系统选育法,以四川阆中半野生群体优选出的川明参优良品系CMS1为试验材料,以四川阆中栽培群体优选出的川明参优良品系CMS2及四川阆中栽培种(混杂群体)为对照材料,进行多点品比与区域生产试验,比较物候期、农艺性状、产量与品质的差异,最终选育出综合评价较好的川明参新品种‘成明1号’。结果:在两年度品比试验的物候期调查中,川明参品系CMS1表现出较短的生长周期,且CMS1品系的农艺性状优于CMS2、CK;在2019年品比与产量试验中CMS1、CMS2、CK平均折亩产分别为468.88、448.52、422.15 kg,CMS1比CK平均增产11.07%,CMS2比CK平均增产6.25%;2020年品比与产量试验中CMS1、CMS2、CK平均折亩产分别为482.69、467.54、436.82 kg,CMS1比CK平均增产10.50%,CMS2比CK平均增产7.03%,且CMS1在两年度中折亩产均显著高于CK;CMS1总灰分15.30%,酸不溶性灰分1.30%,水分10.80%,水溶性浸出物11.40%,均符合《四川省中药材标准(2010版)》要求。结论:CMS1品系在2021年通过川明参新品种田间技术鉴定,具有产量高、品质优、性状稳定等特点,于2022年被四川省非主要农作物品种认定委员会审定,品种名为‘成明1号’(川认药2022002),有良好的推广种植价值。Objective:To obtain a new variety of Chuanminshen violaceum with robust growth,high yield and stable genetic traits.Methods:Using the systematic selection method,a multi-point tasting and regional production test was conducted with Chuanminshen violaceum plant CMS1,which was selected from the semi-wild population in Langzhong,Sichuan province,as the test material,and Chuanminshen violaceum CMS2,which was selected from the cultivated population in Langzhong,Sichuan province,and Chuanminshen violaceum cultispecies in Langzhong,Sichuan province,which was a mixed group,as the control material.By comparing the difference of phenology period,agronomic characters,yield and quality,a new variety'Chengming No.1'with better comprehensive evaluation was finally selected and bred.Results:In the phenological period survey of the two-year comparison test,Chuanminshen violaceum line CMS1 showed a shorter growth cycle and the agronomic shape of CMS1 line was better than that of CMS2 and CK.The average folded mu yields of CMS1,CMS2 and CK in the 2019 comparison and yield trial were 468.88,448.52 and 422.15 kg,respectively,with an average yield increase of 11.07%for CMS1 over CK and 6.25%CMS2 over CK;The average folded mu yields of CMS1,CMS2 and CK in the 2020 comparison and yield trial,were 482.69,467.54 and 436.82 kg,respectively,with an average yield increase of 10.50%in CMS1 compared to CK,and an average yield increase of 7.03%in CMS2 compared to CK,and the average fdded mu yield of CMS1 reached a significant level in both years;15.30%total ash,1.30%acid-insoluble ash,10.80%moisture,and 11.40%water-soluble extractives,respectively,in the 2019 and 2020 multiple-point comparison and yield trials.All of them meet the requirements of"Sichuan Provincial Standard for Chinese Materia Medica(2010 Edition)".Conclusion:The CMS1 strain passes the field technical appraisal of the new variety of Chuanminshen violaceum in 2021,which has the characteristics of high yield,excellent quality and stable character,and is validated by the Sichuan

关 键 词：川明参 系统选育 新品种 ‘成明1号’ 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]