家庭“向下”代际支持对中老年人身心健康的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证研究  

The Impact of Family“Downward”Intergenerational Support on the Physical and Mental Health of the Middle-Aged and Elderly:An Empirical Study Based on CHARLS Data

作　　者：徐佳鑫 彭伟斌[2] XU Jiaxin;PENG Weibin(Zhejiang Economic Strategy Planning Consulting Group,Hangzhou 310013,China;Institute of Population Development and Health Governance,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江经略规划咨询集团有限公司,杭州310013 [2]杭州师范大学人口发展与健康治理研究院,杭州311121

出　　处：《家政学刊》2024年第4期315-326,共12页Journal of Home Economics

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划基金项目(24NDJCO08YB)

摘　　要：随着人口老龄化程度进一步加深,各国积极探索如何应对人口老龄化问题。家庭“向下”代际支持为这一问题的解决提供了新的视角,为探讨家庭“向下”代际支持对中老年人身心健康的影响,本文基于2015和2018年中国健康养老与追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,运用面板模型分析家庭“向下”代际支持对中国中老年人身心健康状况的影响以及在城乡、不同居住方式下是否存在差异,并采用江艇的中介效应分析法分析探究社会活动参与在其中的中介作用。研究结果表明:第一,家庭“向下”经济支持能显著提高中老年人身体健康水平,日常照料则不利于中老年人身体健康;另外,家庭“向下”情感支持和日常照料的提供能够显著降低中老年人患抑郁症的风险。第二,家庭“向下”经济支持和日常照料能够通过社会活动参与对中老年人身体健康产生影响;而家庭“向下”情感支持和日常照料可以通过社会活动参与对中老年人心理健康产生影响。基于上述研究结论,文中提出完善托育服务体系建设、完善中老年人社会活动参与机制、探索针对城乡以及独居生活中老年人的生活保障体系建设等建议,改善中老年人身心健康状态。With the further deepening of the aging of the population,countries are actively exploring ways to address this population aging challenge.“Downward”intergenerational support within families offers a new perspective on resolving this issue.To examine the impact of“downward”intergenerational support on the physical and mental health of middle-aged and elderly people,this paper,based on the CHARLS(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study)data in 2015 and 2018,uses a panel model to analyze the effects of“downward”intergenerational support on the physical and mental health status of middle-aged and elderly people in China,and whether there are differences in these effects between urban and rural areas and among different living arrangements.Additionally,Jiang Qing's mediation effect analysis method is adopted to explore the mediating role of social activity participation.The research results show that:Firstly,“downward”financial support significantly improves the physical health of middle-aged and elderly people,whereas daily care is detrimental to their physical health.Furthermore,the provision of“downward”emotional support and daily care can significantly reduce the risk of depression among middle-aged and older adults.Secondly,“downward”financial support and daily care can influence the physical health of middle-aged and elderly people through their participation in social activities,while“downward”emotional support and daily care can affect their mental health through social activity participation.Based on these research conclusions,the paper proposes suggestions such as improving the construction of childcare service systems,enhancing mechanisms for middle-aged and older adults'participation in social activities,and exploring the development of livelihood security systems for middle-aged and elderly people in both urban and rural areas,as well as those living alone,to improve their physical and mental health status.

关 键 词：代际支持 LOGIT回归 中介效应 身体健康 心理健康 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]