变迁的性别、家庭和被贬低的家政学:挑战和机遇  

Changing Gender,Family,and the Devalued Home Economics:Challenges and Opportunities

作　　者：黄玉琴[1] HUANG Yuqin(School of Social and Public Administration,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237

出　　处：《家政学刊》2024年第1期20-26,共7页Journal of Home Economics

摘　　要：家政学历经一百多年的发展历程,逐步成为一门涉及教学、职业培训以及学术研究的学科。但外界普遍认为家政学是一门地位较低的知识领域,家政学在很多国家遭遇发展危机。这种学科危机是如何发生的?通过对既有文献的梳理,发现公众和学界对家政学的贬低与其和“女性“”家庭”等领域的紧密联系相关。家政学的兴起和发展是为了提升女性地位,但后期产生了意外后果,造成了家政学和“女性”“性别”的深刻捆绑,使得家政学被指责为“性别偏见”,两者之间互相关联、互相加强。家政学被贬低,也和当今世界主流意识形态对家政学的主要研究焦点——“家庭”——的贬低有关。除此之外,“家庭”概念的模糊性及“家(户/庭)”的巨大变迁也给家政学的发展带来冲击。家政学人一直在努力迎接变迁社会带来的挑战,比如修正家政课程的“性别偏见”,与贬低“家庭”的意识形态作斗争,甚至重新构思家政学的哲学基础。这也为我国建构本土化的家政学学科提供了启发。Home Economics has gradually become a discipline involving teaching,vocational training and academic research after more than 100 years of development.However,it is widely believed that Home Economics is a field of knowledge with a low-status,and it is encountering a development crisis in many countries.How did this disciplinary crisis arise?Through the review of existing literature,it is found that t the public and academic circles'depreciation of home economics is closely related to its ties with areas such as“women”and“family”.The rise and development of Home Economics aimed to enhance the status of women,but unexpected consequences arose later in which led to Home Economics being accused of“gender bias”.Its low status and“gender bias”are interrelated and mutually reinforcing.Similarly,the depreciation of Home Economics is also related to the depreciation of the main research focus of Home Economics in today's mainstream ideology“family”.In addition,the fuzziness of the concept of“family”and the huge changes of“home”(households)have also brought impacts on it.On the development of Home economics,people in the filed have been striving to meet the challenges brought by the changing society,such as correcting the“gender bias”in Home Economics courses,fighting against the ideology of depreciating“family”,and even rethinking the philosophical foundation of Home Economics.This also provides inspiration for China to construction of localized Home Economics discipline in China.

关 键 词：家政学 性别 家庭 挑战与机遇 

分 类 号：C913.1[经济管理]