数字生产、隐形剥削与“网络共产主义”——福克斯数字劳动理论体系及其批判  

Digital Production,Invisible Exploitation and“Cyber-Communism”:Critique on Fuchs’Digital Labor Theory

作　　者：陈文旭[1] 聂嘉琪 Chen Wenxu;Nie Jiaqi

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《当代中国马克思主义研究》2024年第4期123-134,152,共13页Studies On Contemporary Chinese Marxism

基　　金：北京市社科基金重点项目“习近平总书记关于全人类共同价值的重要论述研究”(21LLMLB076)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：人类社会的劳动形态在生产力的持续驱动下经历了深刻演变,从手工劳动、机器劳动逐步过渡到数字劳动。数字劳动是数字资本主义语境下诞生的新兴劳动形态,西方著名学者克里斯蒂安·福克斯立足马克思主义政治经济学立场,深入挖掘数字劳动的内涵,构建起数字劳动理论体系。在基本规定方面,福克斯明确数字资本主义数字生产各阶段的劳动均隶属数字劳动;于政治经济学维度,他深刻揭示数字劳动背后隐藏的隐形剥削机制,剖析资本如何借助数字技术实现增殖与对劳动者的隐蔽压榨;从社会主义向度出发,他积极探索数字劳动通往“网络共产主义”的可能路径,为构建公平正义的数字社会提供理论蓝图。福克斯构建的数字劳动理论体系虽具备显著影响力,却存在一定瑕疵。故而需批判性审视该理论,借鉴其合理之处,推动数字劳动相关研究与实践迈向新高度。The form of labor in human society has undergone profound evolution under the continuous drive of productivity,gradually transitioning from manual and machine labor to digital labor.As an emerging form of labor,digital labor is born in the context of digital capitalism.Christian Fuchs,a prominent scholar setting foot in Marxist political economics,has explored the connotation of digital labor and constructed his theory on digital labor.Fuchs argues labor at all stages of digital production in digital capitalism should be considered as digital labor,reveals the hidden exploitation behind digital labor for the proliferation of capital,and explores the possible path of digital labor towards“Cyber-Communism”,i.e.,a fair and just digital society.Despite its significant impact,Fuchs’digital labor theory is not perfect.A critical examination is called for to further relevant research and the movement of digital labor.

关 键 词：数字劳动 数字资本主义 克里斯蒂安·福克斯 马克思主义政治经济学 隐形剥削 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]