困境儿童的微观社会支持及其社会工作介入路径选择  

Study on the Micro-social Support for Vulnerable Children and the Intervention Path of Social Work

作　　者：李文祥[1] 刘一锋 Li Wenxiang;Liu Yifeng

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院

出　　处：《行政与法》2025年第3期65-77,共13页Administration and Law

摘　　要：当前,困境儿童的家庭、学校、社区支持功能弱化,导致困境儿童的生理、情绪及心理健康受到负面影响。消解困境的关键在于强化其微观社会支持,社会工作基于其组织性以及功能性优势能够为困境儿童提供专业化、差异化以及精细化帮助,从而优化困境儿童的微观社会支持网络,保障困境儿童的健康成长。在家庭支持领域,社会工作能够通过链接就业资源与亲友资源、加强家庭教育指导、倡导亲友互助,提升家庭的支持力度;在学校支持领域,社会工作能够通过链接外部资源、引导师生交流沟通、促进优质校园文化建设,提升学校支持力度;在社区支持领域,社会工作能够通过整合社区资源、发挥社区平台功能、促进社会参与,提升社区支持力度。同时,社会工作组织还能够作为中立性社会组织,发挥其作为“第三部门”的属性,通过建立协同合作平台,形成公共协商机制,纠正微观社会支持的功能偏差,有效发挥困境儿童微观社会支持功能。Currently,the support functions of families,schools and communities for vulnerable children have been weakened,which has a negative impact on the physical,emotional and mental health of these children.The key to resolving their difficulties lies in strengthening their micro-social support.Social work,based on its organizational and functional advantages,can provide professional,differentiated and refined assistance for vulnerable children,optimize their micro-social support networks and ensure their healthy growth.In the field of family support,social work can enhance the family's support capacity by linking employment resources and relatives'and friends'resources,strengthening family education guidance and advocating mutual assistance among relatives and friends.In the field of school support,social work can boost the school's support level by linking external resources,guiding communication between teachers and students and promoting the construction of a high-quality campus culture.In the field of community support,social work can increase the community's support degree by integrating community resources,leveraging the functions of the community platform and promoting social participation.At the same time,social work organizations can also act as neutral social organizations,exerting their atributes as the"Third Sector"By establishing a cllaborative cooperation plaform and forming a public consultation mechanism,they can correct the functional deviations of micro-social support and effectively fulfill the functions of micro-social support for vulnerable children.

关 键 词：困境儿童 微观社会支持 社会工作 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]