城市数字基建安全风险规制的行政法治构造  

The Administrative Legal Framework for the Regulation of Security Risks in Urban Digital Infrastructure

作　　者：包倩宇 温顺月 Bao Qianyu;Wen Shunyue

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学法学院城市安全与新兴风险治理研究中心 [2]南京大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《行政与法》2025年第3期78-91,共14页Administration and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“提升我国应急管理体系与能力现代化水平研究”,项目编号:20&ZD160;重庆市教委人文社科重点研究基地项目“人民安全为宗旨下的大安全大应急框架的建设路径研究”,项目编号:24SKJD011;贵州省哲学社会科学规划青年课题“行政法视阈下数字政府与法治政府深度融合研究”,项目编号:23GZQN84。

摘　　要：数字基建是城市数字化转型和新质生产力发展的关键驱动力,其安全与稳定运行构成国家安全和城市安全的重要基石。城市数字基建安全风险具有表现形式的陌生性与非预期性、影响效果的系统性与复杂性、影响后果的极端性与跨界性,是无法完全通过市场机制或社会控制予以解决的公共风险。由城市政府履行数字基建安全风险规制的行政任务和承担规制责任具有正当性和合法性。在规制主体架构上,需推进党委领导下跨部门、跨区域的政府协同,以内在价值统合和外在制度重构推进数字基建安全风险的公私合作规制。数字基建安全风险规制还需推进面向规划、建设和运营全周期的过程性规制,关注风险规制活动的整体性、动态性和预防性。面向行政过程的法治构造和多阶动态规制行为形式的合目的性调控至关重要,可运用动态情景构建式、包容审慎式监管等新型规制措施,推动构建“整合—协商”式合作行政程序、虚拟物理双空间规制、容错纠错的问责制度设置,以期实现统筹发展和安全的韧性城市治理目标。Urban digital infrastructure is a key driver for the digital transformation of cities and the development of new quality productive forces.Its security and stable operation constitute an important foundation for national and urban security.The security risks of urban digital infrastructure are characterized by their unfamiliar and unexpected manifestations,systemic and complex impact effects,and extreme and cross-border consequences,making them public risks that cannot be fully resolved through market mechanisms or social control alone.It is justified and lawful for city governments to fulfill administrative tasks and bear regulatory responsibilities for the security risks of digital infrastructure.In terms of the regulatory structure,it is necessary to promote inter-departmental and inter-regional government collaboration under the leadership of the Communist Party Commitee,and to advance public-private cooperative regulation of digital infrastructure security risks through internal value integration and external institutional restructuring.The regulation of security risks in digital infrastructure should also move towards process-oriented regulation throughout the entire cycle of planning,construction,and operation,focusing on the holistic,dynamic,and preventive risk regulation activities.The legal framework oriented towards the administrative process and the purposeful regulation of multi-level dynamic regulatory behaviors are crucial.Innovative regulatory measures such as dynamic scenario construction,inclusive and prudent regulatory approaches can be utilized.Moreover,the establishment of an"integrated-consultative"cooperative administrative procedure,dual regulation in both virtual and physical spaces,and an accountability system that allows for fault tolerance and error correction,could realize the aim of achieving a resilient urban governance goal that balances development and security.

关 键 词：城市数字基建 安全风险治理 政府规制 行政过程 合目的性调控 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]