鸡痘防制中的环境控制  

Environmental Factors in Control of Fowlpox

作　　者：杨述远 刘祺民 YANG Shuyuan;LIU Qimin(Yuanping Agriculture School,Xinzhou,Shanxi 034000,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省忻州市原平农业学校,山西忻州034000 [2]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《畜牧兽医杂志》2025年第2期117-119,共3页Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：鸡痘是一种由鸡痘病毒引起的急性,高度接触性的传染性疾病。临床上常见的类型有皮肤型、黏膜型和混合型。皮肤型临床表现特征多以皮肤(由以头部皮肤、鸡冠、肉髯及翅下无毛或少毛区)的痘疹,继而结痂、脱落;黏膜型多以口腔和咽喉黏膜的纤维素性坏死性炎症为特征,形成假膜。感染鸡痘病毒的鸡群死亡率并不是很高,但可引起病鸡生长发育缓慢,产蛋量下降,孵化率降低等,并可继发其他传染病。在饲养卫生条件不达标、营养不良的情况下,可使病情加剧,严重者可引发大批死亡。免疫接种是防控本病的主要措施,但近年来该病仍有大规模暴发,经过分析诸多临床病例,发现饲养环境差是该病频发的原因之一。因此,必须加强饲养管理,定期进行环境消毒,保持良好的通风,提升机体抵抗力,从而提高鸡痘的防控效果。Fowlpox is an acute and highly contagious disease caused by the fowlpox virus.The disease manifests in several clinical forms,including cutaneous,mucosal,and mixed types.The cutaneous type is characterized by the appearance of acne-like lesions on the head,comb,wattles,and featherless or less-feathered areas under the wings,which progress to scabs and eventually shed.The mucosal type is marked by necrotizing inflammation of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa,forming of pseudomembranes.Although the mortality rate of fowlpox is generally low,the disease can significantly affect infected chickens by slowing growth,reducing egg production,and lowering hatchability.Secondary infections with other pathogens and poor feeding conditions,including malnutrition,can exacerbate the disease,potentially leading to large-scale mortality.Immunization is the primary method for preventing and controlling fowlpox.However,large-scale outbreaks have continued in recent years.Analysis of clinical cases indicates that poor feeding environments are a major contributing factor to these outbreaks.Therefore,to enhance disease prevention and control,it is essential to strengthen feeding management,conduct regular environmental disinfection,maintain proper ventilation,and strengthen the overall health and immunity of the chickens.

关 键 词：鸡痘 病毒性传染病 防制 环境因素 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]