叶碲金矿在我国的首次发现及其成因意义  

The First Discovery of Nagyágite in China and Its Genetic Significance

作　　者：葛战林 章永梅[3] 顾雪祥[3,4] 范光 高永宝[1,2] 郑艳荣 刘明 马承 魏立勇 郝迪 GE Zhanlin;ZHANG Yongmei;GU Xuexiang;FAN Guang;GAO Yongbao;ZHENG Yanrong;LIU Ming;MA Cheng;WEI Liyong;HAO Di(Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey,China Geology Survey,Xi'an Shaanxi 710100,China;Technology Innovation Center for Gold Ore Exploration,China Geological Survey,Xi'an Shaanxi 710100,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;National 305 Project Office of Xinjiang,Urumqi Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830000,China;Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局西安矿产资源调查中心,陕西西安710100 [2]中国地质调查局金矿勘查技术创新中心,陕西西安710100 [3]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [4]新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府国家305项目办公室,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐830000 [5]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《矿物学报》2025年第1期82-97,共16页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(编号:2023-JC-QN-0284);国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号:42130804);中国地质调查局项目(编号:DD20220966、DD20230372、DD20230060、DD20230378);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(编号:2023B03016);新疆维吾尔自治区“天池英才”计划。

摘　　要：叶碲金矿[Pb_(3)(Pb,Sb)_(3)S_(6)](Au,Te)_(3)是一种极为罕见的Pb、Sb、Au硫碲化物,1845年以发现地特兰西瓦尼亚Nagyag地区(如今的罗马尼亚Sacarimb地区)正式命名为“nagyagite”,至今在我国尚未报道。北秦岭杨斜金矿床是陕西省近年来勘查的一处典型脉状金矿,本文以新识别的叶碲金矿为研究对象,利用矿相显微鉴定、激光拉曼光谱、电子探针及元素面扫描等方法,查明我国首次发现的叶碲金矿矿物学特征,探讨叶碲金矿的成因及其与岩浆热液的关系。研究结果表明,叶碲金矿呈半自形-他形粒状产于石英-细粒黄铁矿-自然金-多金属硫化物阶段,与黄铁矿、闪锌矿、黝铜矿、碲铅矿及方铅矿等共生。化学组成为w(Pb)值为55.10%~56.61%、w(Sb)值为7.31%~7.67%、w(S)值为10.39%~11.63%、w(Au)值为10.42%~11.24%、w(Te)值为13.47%~14.21%,计算的平均化学式为[Pb3.00(Pb1.81Sb1.09)2.90S6.12](Au0.98Te1.95)2.93,属于化学成分稳定且接近理想组成的正常叶碲金矿,存在微量的Sb替代Pb、S替代Te。北秦岭杨斜叶碲金矿形成于中低温(160~200℃)、低硫逸度(–16.5<logfS_(2)<–14.0)和相对高碲逸度(–15.2<logfTe_(2)<–11.2)的富CO_(2)-H_(2)O-NaCl岩浆热液体系,成因可能与含金碲矿脉的富贱金属与Sb组分的再活化有关。Nagyágite,[Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3,is a rare sulfotelluride of Pb,Sb,and Au.This mineral was officially named as“nagyagite”after its discovery in the Nagyág area,Transylvania(today's Sacarimb area,Romania)in 1845.However,to date,it has never been described in China.The Yangxie gold deposit of Shaanxi Province in the North Qinling is a typical lode Au deposit,which was explored in recent years.The newly identified nagyágite in the deposit is firstly reported in China.In this paper,by using microscope,laser Raman spectroscopy,electron probe micro-analysis,and wavelength-dispersive spectrometry element mapping,we have carried out systematical mineralogical study of the nagyágite,aiming to determine its mineralogical characteristics and to discuss its genesis and relationship with the magmatic hydrothermal fluid.The results show that nagyágite occurs as subhedral to anhedral grained crystals in the quartz-fine grained pyrite-native gold polymetallic sulfide stage and is intergrown with pyrite,sphalerite,tetrahedrite,altaite,and galena.Nagyágite grains have Pb contents of 55.10%–56.61%,Sb contents of 7.31%–7.67%,S contents of 10.39%–11.63%,Au contents of 10.42%–11.24%,and Te contents of 13.47%–14.21%,with the calculated average chemical formula of[Pb3.00(Pb1.81Sb1.09)2.90S6.12](Au0.98Te1.95)2.93,which is close to stable and ideal chemical composition of the normal nagyagite.However,minor Pb is substituted by minor Sb and minor Te is sbustited by S in its lattice.Nagyagite in the Yangxie gold deposit was mainly formed in the CO_(2)-H_(2)O-NaCl magmatic hydrothermal system,with medium-low temperature(160–200℃),low sulfur fugacity(–16.5<logfS2<–14.0),and relatively high tellurium fugacity(–15.2<logfTe2<–11.2).Additionally,it is suggested that the origin of nagyágite was probably related to the reactivation of components of enriched base metals and Sb in the Au-Te-bearing orebodies.

关 键 词：叶碲金矿 电子探针 矿物学特征 杨斜金矿床 北秦岭 

分 类 号：P571[天文地球—矿物学] P474.2[天文地球—地质学]