溪畔杜鹃高效组培与快繁技术研究  

Research on Efficient Tissue Culture and Fast Breeding Technology of Rhododendron rivulare

作　　者：吴林世 刘艳 陈婵 李巧云 王玲 黄雅奇 谢嘉浇 廖菊阳 WU Linshi;LIU Yan;CHEN Chan;LI Qiaoyun;WANG Ling;HUANG Yaqi;XIE Jiajiao;LIAO Juyang(Hunan Botanical Garden,Changsha 410116,China;Rhododendron Engineering&Technology Research Center National of China s National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Changsha 410116,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省植物园,湖南长沙410116 [2]国家林业草原杜鹃工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410116

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2025年第1期12-23,共12页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：国家“基层科普行动计划”(2024JCKPKT030);湖南省林业科技创新项目(XLKY202313);湖南省林业科技创新项目(XLKT202303)。

摘　　要：【目的】本试验旨在通过优化基本培养基与植物生长调节剂的配比组合,为溪畔杜鹃(Rhododendron rivulare)的规模化、产业化生产提供科学依据和技术支撑。【方法】通过系统地探索茎段外植体的有效灭菌方法、腋芽的高效诱导、增殖培养条件的优化、壮苗策略的实施、生根诱导技术的完善以及炼苗移栽技术的改良,全面评估并量化各培养阶段的生长效果。【结果】研究结果显示,采用75%酒精浸泡30 s结合2%次氯酸钠消毒8 min的方案,能有效灭菌且对茎段伤害最小。在腋芽诱导阶段,WPM培养基辅以3.0 mg/L ZT与0.5 mg/L NAA的组合表现最佳。增殖培养则优选WPM培养基加入2.0 mg/L ZT、0.1 mg/L GA 3及0.1 mg/L NAA,实现了9.11的高增殖系数。壮苗培养阶段,WPM培养基结合0.5 mg/L ZT与0.5 mg/L NAA促进了幼苗的健壮生长。对于生根诱导,最佳配方为WPM培养基中添加20 g/L蔗糖、1.0 mg/L NAA、1.5 mg/L IBA及1.0 g/L AC,生根率高达80.09%。此外,在泥炭土、珍珠岩、河沙按2∶1∶1比例混合的基质中,炼苗移栽的成活率达到了83.33%。【结论】本试验成功筛选出一系列高效的培养基配方及栽培条件,显著提高了溪畔杜鹃的组培快繁效率,为其产业化、规模化发展奠定了坚实基础,并为同类植物的快速繁殖提供了可借鉴的技术范例。【Objective】This study aims to accelerate the propagation process of Rhododendron rivulare by optimizing the combination of basic media and plant growth regulators,thereby providing scientific justification and technical support for its large-scale and industrialized production.【Method】A comprehensive assessment and quantification of growth performance across various cultivation stages were conducted through systematic exploration of effective sterilization methods for stem segment explants,efficient axillary bud induction,optimization of proliferation culture conditions,implementation of robust seedling strategies,refinement of root induction techniques,and improvement of acclimatization and transplanting methodologies.【Result】The results indicated that a combination of 75%ethanol immersion for 30 seconds followed by 2%sodium hypochlorite disinfection for 8 minutes effectively sterilized the explants while minimizing damage to the stem segments.During axillary bud induction,the optimal media formula consisted of WPM supplemented with 3.0 mg/L ZT and 0.5 mg/L NAA.For proliferation,WPM media fortified with 2.0 mg/L ZT,0.1 mg/L GA 3,and 0.1 mg/L NAA yielded a high proliferation coefficient of 9.11.During the seedling strengthening phase,WPM media combined with 0.5 mg/L ZT and 0.5 mg/L NAA promoted robust seedling growth.For root induction,the optimal formula involved WPM media enriched with 20 g/L sucrose,1.0 mg/L NAA,1.5 mg/L IBA,and 1.0 g/L AC,achieving a high rooting rate of 80.09%.Furthermore,in a substrate mixture of peat,perlite,and river sand at a ratio of 2∶1∶1,the survival rate of transplanted seedlings reached 83.33%.【Conclusion】This study successfully identified a series of highly effective media formulations and cultivation conditions,significantly enhancing the tissue culture and rapid propagation efficiency of R.rivulare.These findings laid a solid foundation for its industrialized and large-scale development and provided a valuable technical paradigm for the rapid propagation of si

关 键 词：溪畔杜鹃 增殖 壮苗 生根 炼苗移栽 

分 类 号：Q943.1[生物学—植物学] S685.21[农业科学—观赏园艺]