加快饲草智能育种科技创新的思考与建议  

Accelerate innovation of forage intelligent breeding technology: Reflection and suggestions

作　　者：景海春[1,4] 胡伟娟 金京波 张景昱[1,4] 周姚 巩玥[3] 姚刚 王雷 种康 JING Haichun;HU Weijuan;JIN Jingbo;ZHANG Jingyu;ZHOU Yao;GONG Yue;YAO Gang;WANG Lei;CHONG Kang(State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Crop Phenomics Research Center,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of User Service,National Science Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta,National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land,Dongying 257300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所饲草种质高效设计与利用全国重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所作物表型组学研究中心,北京100101 [3]中国科学院文献情报中心咨询服务部,北京100190 [4]国家盐碱地综合利用技术创新中心黄三角农高区院士工作站,东营257300

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2025年第2期310-319,共10页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1003200);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA26030000、XDA26050000)。

摘　　要：当今世界面临百年未有之大变局,人口持续增长加剧了粮食需求压力,膳食结构向多元化转变增加了饲料粮需求,而气候变化则通过影响农业生产力和碳汇经济进一步威胁我国的粮食安全。现阶段,我国进入口粮饲料并重新时期,饲草作为动物的“口粮”,是饲料的核心组成部分,其产业的发展对于保障国家大粮食安全具有深远的战略意义。文章分析了我国饲草种业的现状,综述了作物基础科学前沿成果及人工智能(AI)在智能育种的应用,剖析了饲草特化性状与育种关键问题,指出饲草智能育种有望加速饲草新品种的培育,带动产业发展。文章最后给出了助力饲草智能育种发展的建议,并希望引起政府相关部门和广大科技工作者对饲草育种与产业的关注。The world is facing unprecedented changes today,with continuous population growth intensifying the pressure on food demand.The shift towards diversified dietary structures has increased the demand for feed grains,while climate change further threatens China's food security by affecting agricultural productivity and carbon sequestration economy.At present,China has entered a new era of food supply and feed.As the food supply for animals,forage is the core component of feed,and its industrial development has profound strategic significance for ensuring national food security.This study analyzes the current situation of China's forage seed industry,summarizes the cutting-edge achievements of crop basic science and the application of artificial intelligence(Al)in intelligent breeding,analyzes the specialized traits of forage and key breeding issues,and points out that intelligent breeding of forage is expected to accelerate the cultivation of new forage varieties and drive industrial development.Based on these,suggestions are provided to promote the development of intligent breeding of forage grass,and it is hoped that relevant government departments and scientific and technological workers will pay attention to forage grass breeding and industry.

关 键 词：饲草 智能育种 人工智能 大粮食安全 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]