理解量子实在的信息论进路  

The Information-Theoretic Approaches to Understand Quantum Reality

作　　者：成素梅[1] CHENG Su-mei(Institute of Philosophy,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院哲学研究所,上海200025

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2025年第1期3-10,共8页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“量子信息科技哲学及其逻辑基础研究”(22&ZD046)和“当代量子诠释研究”(19ZDA038)

摘　　要：如何理解量子实在是量子力学哲学研究的一个核心论题。量子信息论进路的诞生,特别是蔡林格论点的提出,为理解量子实在打开了新的哲学视域。蔡林格认为,我们无法在实在与关于实在的知识之间、实在与信息之间作出区分,因为我们如果不运用所掌握的关于实在的信息,我们就无法谈及实在。这表明,实在与我们获得的信息是一个硬币的两面,具有相互依存的关系,不再是彼此分离的两个概念。这种观点将观察者、测量过程和被观察对象绑定在一起,提供了一种信息论的实在观。这种实在观把实在和信息看成是动态的相互作用的结果,重新激活了玻尔的量子实在观。它将关于实在与信息的关系从本体论关联转向认识论关联,带来了对理论与观察、实在与信息、概念与对象等关系的新理解,预示着一种新哲学框架的诞生,但也受到了一些批评。How to understand the quantum reality is a core topic in the philosophical study of quantum mechanics.The birth of the approach to quantum information theory,especially the proposal of Zeilinger's thesis,has opened a new philosophical horizon for our understanding the quantum reality.Zeilinger argued that we cannot make a distinction between reality and knowledge about reality,between reality and information,because we can't refer to reality without using the information we have about reality.This indicates that reality and the information we obtained are two sides of the same coin.They are two concepts that are no longer separated.This view binds the observer,the measurement process,and the observed object to provide an information-theoretic view of reality.This concept of reality,due to considering reality and information as the result of a dynamic interaction,reactivates Bohr's view of quantum reality.And it shifts the relationship between reality and information from ontological connection to epistemological connection.It will bring about a new understanding of the relationship between theory and observation,reality and information,concept and object,and foreshadow the birth ofanewphilosophical framework.

关 键 词：万物源于信息 信息量化原理 蔡林格论点 非物质主义 信息论的实在观 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]