老年人丧偶后的居住安排:自身意愿、实际结果及其偏差  

The Living Arrangement of the Widowed Elderly:Personal Wishes,Actual Arrangement and The Deviations

作　　者：张韵 邓思懿 ZHANG Yun;DENG Si-yi(School of Sociology and Anthropology,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《南方人口》2025年第1期1-10,共10页South China Population

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国人口长期均衡发展关键问题研究”(22JJD840001)。

摘　　要：丧偶是老年人在晚年常见的重大事件。随着我国人口老龄化及高龄化进程的加快加深,丧偶老年人数量将持续增长,因而丧偶后老年人的生活安排亟需引起更多关注。本文基于CLHLS2014-2018数据,分析了老年人丧偶后的居住意愿、实际居住安排与意愿一致性及其影响因素。研究发现,丧偶事件显著增加了老年人与子女同住的意愿,老年人丧偶后与子女同住的意愿增强主要是出于对子女的情感支持的需求而非对子女经济支持的需求。此外,约有21.31%的丧偶老年人未能实现自己的居住意愿,相比之下,经济地位较高以及获得子女情感支持较多的丧偶老人更有可能实现其居住意愿,并且他们也更倾向于和子女同住。研究指出,代际支持中的情感支持在我国老年人晚年生活中发挥了重要意义。尽管如此,未来仍需进一步发展和完善养老社会环境及相关政策,以更好地满足老年人的社会养老需求。Widow or Widower is the common key event of the elderly.As the deepening of aging society in China is going to bring about increasingly larger size of widow and widowers among the population,and more lights should be shed on the living arrangement of the widowed elderly.Based on the data of CLHL 2014-2018,this paper reviews the the widowed elder’s living arrangement wishes,their actual living arrangement,and the consistency between them as well as the influencing factors of the consistency.The results show that the widowed happenings significantly increase the wishes of the widowed elderly to live together with children,because the elderly need more emotional support from Children instead of economic supports.In addition,21.31%of the widowed elderly can not be realized their own wishes of living arrangement after being widowed,while the widowed elderly with the better economic status and more emotional supports from children are more likely to live consistently with their own withes of living arrangement and more likely to live together with children.The inter-generational supports plays extremely important roles in the living of the elderly in China.However,it is necessary to develop and improve the social elderly support environment and the relevant policies to meet the needs of the elderly for social elderly supports.

关 键 词：丧偶老年人 居住意愿 居住安排 代际情感支持 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]