退出隔代抚养后中老年人劳动供给的变化——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析  

Changes in Labor Supply of Middle-aged and Elderly People After Withdrawing from Grand-parenting:An Empirical Analysis Based on CHARLS Data

作　　者：宋林[1] 刘昊海 SONG Lin;LIU Hao-hai(School of Economics and Finance,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710061)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《南方人口》2025年第1期69-80,共12页South China Population

摘　　要：本文基于CHARLS 2011—2018数据,利用相关随机效应模型探究退出隔代抚养后中老年人劳动供给的变化情况。研究发现退出抚养后中老年人的劳动供给水平并未回升,低于未参与抚养的中老年人。女性中老年人劳动供给组间差距更大,城市-农村型中老年人在退出隔代抚养后农业劳动供给回升。对影响中老年人劳动供给的时间替代和收支效应通过时间负担变化和经济负担变化机制进行验证后发现中老年人在退出抚养后社交和代际交往频率下降。城市中老年人的经济水平提高,农村中老年人的经济水平降低,收支效应对劳动供给仍然存在影响。根据结论建议增加社会抚养资源,推动儿童抚养社会化。帮助中老年人适应城市生活,减少退出隔代抚养后城市中老年人返回农村的现象。This paper explores the changes in labor supply among middle-aged and elderly individuals after withdrawing from grandparenting based on the data from CHARLS 2011-2018 by Using Correlated Random Effect model and finds that the labor supply level of middle-aged and elderly individuals did not rebound after withdrawing from grand-parenting,even lower than that of those who had never engaged in grand-parenting.A larger disparity in labor supply was observed among female middle-aged and elderly individuals,while the rural middle-aged and elderly taking care for their grandchildren in the urban experienced a rebound in agricultural labor supply after withdrawing from grand-parenting.The verification of time substitution and income effect affecting the labor supply of the middle-aged and elderly individuals through a mechanism related to changes in time and economic burdens show that the frequency of social interactions and inter-generational interactions decreased after withdrawing from grand-parenting.Withdrawing from grand-arenting improves the economic status of urban middle-aged and elderly individuals while weakens that of rural middle-aged and elderly individuals,for the income-expenditure effect continue to influence labor supply in different directions.These findings recommends continue to increase social childcare resources and to promote the socialization of childcare.Additionally,the assistance should be provided to help middle-aged and elderly individuals adapt to urban life to protect the middle-aged and elderly individuals from returning to rural areas after withdrawing from grand-parenting in the urban.

关 键 词：中老年人劳动供给 隔代抚养 相关随机效应模型 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]