中国古典学的学理逻辑与构建路径  

The Theoretical Logic and Construction Path of Chinese Classics

作　　者：谢乃和 Xie Naihe

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院世界文明史研究中心

出　　处：《中国史研究》2025年第1期5-22,167,共19页Journal of Chinese Historical Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国传统政治哲学的内在逻辑与整体特征研究”(24&ZD222)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“古典学”传入中国后经历了“西方古典学”“中西古典学”和“中国古典学”诸含义之嬗变,而中国古典的传统知识体系独具特色,是构建中国古典学的学理逻辑。中国古典学学术体系主要由以中华古典研究为中心的“小古典学”、古典及其传承过程中所反映的古代文明各方面的“大古典学”和传统古典学术方法论三部分组成,其核心则是以先秦“六艺”为根基的经史之学。中国古典学的方法论体系主要通过扬弃传统经史研究范式来构建,小古典学至少应包括以文字释读为代表的语言学、重建经典文本原貌与价值的古书新证、结合历史学与考古学的古史新证等方法,而大古典学则需要重视理论指导下的古典文明综合研究法和交流互鉴下的文明比较法。这种立足中国古代经典结构而来的方法论,不仅意在对中国古典及其文明传统的“精确性”认知,而且力求以中华文化主体性为前提来实现世界诸文明的交流互鉴,为世界文明新形态贡献中国古典智慧的同时,对构建中国特色的哲学社会科学自主知识体系也意义重大。Since the introduction of"Classics"to China,it experienced the academic evolution stages of"Western classics","Chinese and Western classics"and"Chinese classics".However,the traditional knowledge system of Chinese classics has its own unique characteristics,which could serve as the theoretical logic of constructing the discipline of Chinese classics.The academic system of Chinese classical studies consists of three parts:the"Small Classics"'centered on the study of Chinese classics and historical researches,and the"Great Classics"in all aspects of ancient civilizations reflected in the process of classical studies and its inheritance;and traditional methodology of classics.The core is the study of classics and history based on the"Six Arts"of the pre-Qin period.The methodology of Chinese classics could be formed mainly by sublating the traditional classics research paradigm,the"Small Classics"should include at least the linguistic interpretations of words,new evidence of ancient books that could reconstruct the original appearance of classic texts,and new evidence of ancient history by combining history and archaeology,while the"Great Classics"should pay attention to the comprehensive and interdisciplinary research method on classical civilizations under theoretical guidance and the comparative method of the exchanges and mutual learning of different civilizations.This methodology,which is based on the structure of ancient Chinese classics,not only aims at the"precision'cognition of Chinese classics and its tradition of civilization,but also strives to realize the exchanges and mutual learning among the world civilizations on the premise of subjectivity of Chinese culture.While contributing the Chinese wisdom of classics to the new form of world civilization,such an approach is also of great significance for constructing an independent knowledge system of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：中国古典学 学理逻辑 方法路径 自主知识体系 

分 类 号：G112[文化科学] K86[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]