多边主义的中国源流与世界启示  

The Chinese Origin of Multilateralism and Its World Significance

作　　者：吴志成 WU Zhicheng(Institute for International Strategic Studies,Party School of the CPC Central Committee(National Academy of Governance))

机构地区：[1]中央党校(国家行政学院)国际战略研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2025年第2期3-30,159,160,共30页World Economics and Politics

摘　　要：中国的多边主义思想传统源远流长,以诸侯国与王朝国家等前国家实体为主体的悠久历史铸就了中国对外多边交往的价值取向、思维理路与实践原则,也构成了中国多边主义的古代传统。近代中国被迫卷入由西方主导的世界体系,中国的多边对外交往既具有多边主义的一般特征,又强调主权平等与公平正义等价值追求,寻求国内问题与国际问题统筹互动的外交实践为当代中国多边主义积累了理论与实践经验。新中国成立后特别是改革开放以来,中国外交继承发展古代外交理念传统和实践经验,以维护《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则为核心,在创新多边合作理念、改革现有多边机制、搭建多边合作新平台以及坚持通过多边对话协商解决热点问题等方面贡献了中国智慧和中国力量,成为捍卫多边主义的中流砥柱。进入新时代,中国特色大国外交充分展现维护多边主义的负责任大国担当,以实际行动回答了“世界需要什么样的多边主义、各国怎样践行多边主义”这一时代命题,中国的多边主义外交实践也发展为全面合作和主动引领,为国际社会坚持真正的多边主义树立了榜样。当今世界百年大变局加速演进,单边主义和保护主义上升,践行真正的多边主义,必须以人类命运共同体理念为引领,积极构建全球伙伴关系,促进大国在多边事务中的协调合作,支持联合国在国际事务中发挥核心作用,推动全球治理朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。The Chinese thought on multilateralism has a long and profound history.The long history of interplay among pre-state entities shaped the value orientation,logic path,and practical principles of China's multilateral foreign interaction,and also constituted the ancient tradition of China's multilateralism.When China was drawn into the world system dominated by the West in modern times,its multilateral diplomacy not only showed the general characteristics of multilateralism,but also emphasized value pursuits such as sovereign equality,fairness,and justice.The diplomatic practice of seeking coordination between domestic and international issues has accumulated theoretical and practical experience for contemporary China's multilateralism.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,especially since the reform and opening up,China's diplomacy has inherited and developed the traditional concepts and practical experience of multilateralism.With safeguarding the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter as its core,China has contributed Chinese wisdom and strength in innovating the concept of multilateral cooperation,reforming existing multilateral mechanisms,building new platforms for multilateral cooperation,and adhering to resolving hot issues through multilateral consultation,which all make China a pillar of upholding multilateralism.In the New Era,the practice of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics has fully demonstrated China's responsibility as a major country in upholding multilateralism.With practical actions,China has answered the question of“what kind of multilateralism the world needs and how countries should practice multilateralism”.China's multilateral diplomacy has developed into comprehensive cooperation and become more proactive,which sets an example for the international community to uphold true multilateralism.At present,momentous changes of a like not seen in a century are accelerating across the world;unilateralism and protectionism are mounting.To practice tr

关 键 词：多边主义 真正的多边主义 中国特色大国外交 负责任大国 全球治理 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]