烟草根际促生菌的筛选鉴定及促生性能研究  

Screening,Indentification and Promotion Performance Investigation of Tobacco Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria

作　　者：马耀武 张麒宇 杨淼 蒋诚 张振宇 张伊琳 李梦莎 许嘉阳 张斌[3] 崔光周[3] 姜瑛[1] MA Yao-wu;ZHANG Qi-yu;YANG Miao;JIANG Cheng;ZHANG Zhen-yu;ZHANG Yi-lin;LI Meng-sha;XU Jia-yang;ZHANG Bin;CUI Guang-zhou;JIANG Ying(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046;Ningbo Key Laboratory of Agricultural Germ-plasm Resources Mining and Environmental Regulation/College of Science and Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315300;Xinyang Branch of Henan Tobacco Company,Xinyang 464000)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州450046 [2]宁波大学科学技术学院/宁波市农业种质资源挖掘与环境调控重点实验室,宁波315300 [3]河南省烟草公司信阳市公司,信阳464000

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2025年第3期271-281,共11页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：河南省烟草公司信阳市公司创新项目(2022411500200092);贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司项目(2021-07);宁波市农业种质资源挖掘与环境调控重点实验室开放课题基金。

摘　　要：【目的】在烟草植株根际筛选出具有多种功能的促生菌,研究其对促进植株生长发育的作用效果,为促进植物生长和农田土壤环境改善提供重要的微生物肥料种质资源。【方法】从烟草根际土壤中分离出菌株,用Salkowski比色法测定产其吲哚乙酸(IAA)能力,用钼锑抗比色法和火焰光度法测定菌株的溶磷和解钾能力。结合形态、生理生化及16S rDNA分子鉴定筛选出的优势促生菌株。采用正交试验研究最适促生条件,并通过盆栽试验研究其促生效果。【结果】筛选得到一株高效多功能促生菌株沃尔夫节杆菌(Arthrobacter woluwensis) DY8,其产IAA能力达到36.7 mg/L、解钾和溶无机磷能力分别达到72.3 mg/L和148.6 mg/L,并可拮抗病原菌。其中,产IAA能力在装液量为30 mL/250 mL、pH为8、蛋白胨为氮源、葡萄糖为碳源时最高。烟草盆栽试验中接种菌株DY8与对照相比,土壤中IAA、速效磷、速效钾含量均显著增加。烟草的生物量及光合作用也都有所增加。结合主成分分析,表明DY8可以通过提高土壤中IAA含量来促进烟草生物量的提高;在小白菜和小麦盆栽接种DY8可以改善根系结构、促进了根系发育、提高地上部生物量。【结论】DY8是一株兼具产IAA、溶磷、解钾的多功能促生菌,对经济作物、蔬菜、粮食作物有良好的促生效果。【Objective】In order to provide important microbial fertilizer germplasm resources for promoting plant growth and improving farmland soil environment,the growth promoting bacteria with multiple functions were screened out in the rhizosphere of tobacco plants,and their effects on promoting plant growth and development were studied.【Method】The strains were screened from the rhizosphere of tobacco plants.The IAA production of these strains was determined by Salkowski colorimetry,and their phosphorus-and potassium-dissolving abilities were determined by molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetry and flame photometry.The dominant growth-promoting strains were screened by morphological,physiological and biochemical identification and 16S rDNA molecular identification.The optimal growth-promoting conditions were studied by orthogonal test,and the growth-promoting effect was studied by pot experiment.【Result】An efficient and multifunctional growth-promoting strain Arthrobacter woluwensis DY8 was screened.Its IAA-producing ability reached 36.7 mg/L,potassium-dissolving and inorganic phosphorus-dissolving ability reached 72.3 mg/L and 148.6 mg/L,respectively,and it antagonized pathogenic bacteria.Among these,the IAA production capacity reached its highest when the liquid volumewas 30 mL/250 mL,the pHwas 8,peptone was used as the nitrogen source,and glucose was used as the carbon source.In the tobacco potted experiment,after inoculating with strain DY8,in comparison with the control group,the contents of IAA,available phosphorus and potassium in tobacco soil were significantly augmented and the biomass and photosynthesis of tobacco also increased.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)results indicate that DY8 enhanced tobacco biomass by increasing the IAA content in the soil.In pot experiments with bok choy and wheat,DY8 treatment improved root structure,promoted root development,and increased above-ground biomass.【Conclusion】DY8 is a multifunctional growth-promoting bacterium that generates IAA,solubilizes phosph

关 键 词：烟草 根际促生菌 沃尔夫节杆菌 小白菜 小麦 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]