基于SCS模型绿色屋顶径流系数变化模拟  

Simulation of Runoff Coefficient for Green Roof Based on SCS Model

作　　者：张启照[1] 申红彬 ZHANG Qi-zhao;SHEN Hong-bin(School of Civil Engineering,Zhengzhou College of Finance and Economics,Zhengzhou 450044,Henan Province,China;School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州财经学院土木工程学院,河南郑州450044 [2]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第3期8-13,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(242102320019);城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室开放基金(HYD2019OF02)。

摘　　要：绿色屋顶作为城市低影响开发与海绵城市建设的重要基础设施之一,如何建立一种简单实用的降雨径流计算方法,并以径流系数为重要指标,进而评价其降雨径流削减效应是一个重要的问题。根据绿色屋顶不同场次降雨径流实测数据,在SCS模型降雨径流深计算公式的基础上,进一步推导建立了径流系数的计算表达式,并采用事件分析法,通过合理确定初损量以反推计算当时可能最大滞留量,分析当时可能最大滞留量随时间的变化规律。结果表明,初损量与当时可能最大滞留量基本呈线性关系,平均初损率约为0.28;当时可能最大滞留量在降雨期受雨水截留作用会有所减小,随后在非降雨期逐步得到恢复,且总体呈现出初始恢复速率较快、随后逐渐降低、最后趋近于0的变化趋势,据此推导建立了当时可能最大滞留量随时间(包括降雨期与非降雨期)变化的计算表达式。基于SCS模型径流深与径流系数计算公式,结合绿色屋顶当时可能最大滞留量随时间变化的计算表达式,对绿色屋顶不同场次降雨径流深与径流系数进行连续演算模拟,并分别采用确定性系数R2与Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数NSE对模型效果进行评价。结果表明,不同场次降雨径流深与径流系数计算值与实测值的变化趋势基本吻合,相应R2值分别为0.93、0.85,NSE值分别为0.94、0.85,具有良好的模拟效果。Green roof is an important infrastructure for the low impact development(LID)and sponge city construction.How to establish a simple and practical hydrologic model,taking the runoff coefficient as an important index,for green roof to evaluate the rainfall-runoff reduction effect is an important question.Based on the measured data of rainfall runoff of green roofs at different times,the calculation expression of runoff coefficient is developed on the basis of the calculation formula of rainfall runoff depth of SCS model.Also,the potential maximum retention is calculated when the measured initial loss is selected reasonably using event analysis method.The results showed that the initial loss and the potential maximum retention at that time are basically linearly related,with an average ratio coefficient of about 0.28.The potential maximum retention will be reduced due to the rainwater retention during the rainfall period,and then gradually recovered during the drought period,and the overall trend is that the initial recovery rate is fast,then gradually decreases,and finally approaches 0.Based on this,A calculation expression to describe the variation process of the potential maximum retention including the rainfall and drought periods is proposed.Based on the runoff depth and runoff coefficient formulas of the SCS model,combined with the calculation expression of the potential maximum retention variation process,the continuous variation processes of the runoff depth and runoff coefficient for green roof are simulated and then the model effect is evaluated using the certainty coefficient R2 and the Nash Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient NSE.The results showed that the calculated values of runoff depth and runoff coefficient are in good agreement with the measured values.The R2 values are 0.93,and 0.85,the NSE values are 0.94,and 0.85 respectively,which has a good simulation effect.

关 键 词：绿色屋顶 SCS模型 事件分析法 当时可能最大滞留量 径流系数 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]