海南万泉河口入海水沙变化对岸线特征的影响  

The Impacts of Water-sediment Variation on Coastline Characteristics in the Wanquan River Estuary of Hainan Island

作　　者：李兆楠 王子强 陈小齐 吴多锋 LI Zhao-nan;WANG Zi-qiang;CHEN Xiao-qi;WU Duo-feng(School of Marine Science and Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 5702282,Hainan Province,China;Hainan Province of Hydrology and Water Resources Investigation Bureau,Haikou 570111,Hainan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学海洋科学与工程学院,海南海口5702282 [2]海南省水文水资源勘测局,海南海口570100

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第3期108-112,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：海南大学科研启动基金项目(RZ2300002794)。

摘　　要：河口岸线在河流泥沙补给、径潮动力及人类活动的共同作用下处于动态变化中。基于1987-2022年海南岛万泉河加积站水沙监测数据与遥感卫星影像,厘清入海水沙与河口岸线的演变趋势,结合回归分析,进一步揭示入海水沙变化对于岸线特征的影响。结果表明:万泉河流量无显著的趋势性变化,平均流量为145 m3/s,丰水年流量与枯水年流量差异较大。含沙量呈显著下降趋势,近5 a降幅达32%;输沙率也表现出一定的下降趋势,并在2015年前后发生突变,突变后比突变前下降了70%。河口岸线长度总体减少6.19 km,但人工岸线比例从14%增长到43%;岸线分形维数略有减小,岸线复杂度降低;而岸线位置变化不大。回归分析显示岸线长度和分形维数与输沙率之间存在良好的正相关关系,表明河流入海泥沙通量直接影响岸线结构,但岸线位置人为干预下维持相对稳定。The estuary coastline is dynamically changing under the combined effects of river sediment replenishment,fluvial-tidal dynamics,and human activities.Based on water-sediment monitoring data at the Jiaji station and remote sensing satellite imagery within the Wanquan River estuary from 1987 to 2022,the evolution trend of the water-sediment flux into the sea and the coastline was clarified.Combining the regression analysis,the impacts of water-sediment variation on coastline characteristics were further revealed.The results show that there is no significant trend change in the water discharge of the Wanquan River,the average flow stands at 145 m³/s,and the contrast between the flow in wet years and dry years is conspicuously significant.The concentration of suspended sediment has witnessed a significant decrease,amounting to 32%over the past five years.The sediment discharge also shows a decreasing trend and mutates around 2015,with a 70%decrease after the mutation.The total length of estuary coastline has shrunk by 6.19 kilometers,while the proportion of artificial coastline has been increased from 14%to 43%;the fractal dimension of the coastline decreases slightly,indicating a reduction in coastline complexity.However,the position of the coastline changes little.Regression analysis shows a good positive correlation between coastline length and fractal dimension and sediment discharge,indicating that the sediment replenishment directly affects the structure of the coastline,but the position of the coastline remains relatively stable under human intervention.

关 键 词：径流量 输沙率 岸线特征 万泉河口 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]