基于荧光反转录聚合酶链反应检测的诺如病毒暴发疫情调查  

Investigation of Norovirus Outbreak Based on Fluorescence Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Monitoring

作　　者：黄彬彬 张栗 昝望 程思宇 HUANG Binbin;ZHANG Li;ZAN Wang;CHENG Siyu(Longquanyi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu Sichuan 610100,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市龙泉驿区疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610100

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2025年第2期373-376,共4页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

摘　　要：使用荧光反转录聚合酶链反应检测方法,对采集标本进行诺如病毒检测。首先对某局部人群按照病例定义开展诺如病毒暴发疫情病例搜索,用描述性流行病学和病例对照研究进行分析,然后采用χ^(2)检验对不同组别罹患率进行分析。本次疫情累计病例28例,罹患率11.2%(28/250),主要临床症状为腹泻和腹痛,疫情历时6 d,男性罹患率高于女性罹患率(χ^(2)=7.47,P<0.01),病例对照研究表明靠近患者呕吐物(≦1 m)增加发病风险(OR=7.50,95%CI:2.181~25.795),使用洗手液或者肥皂洗手降低发病风险(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.090~0.893)。实验室检测结果显示7份病例肛拭子诺如病毒GⅡ阳性。本次局部疫情为GⅡ型诺如病毒感染引起的暴发疫情,近距离暴露于患者呕吐物是引起本次疫情扩散的可能原因。Norovirus is detected in collected samples using a fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction detection method.A search for Norovirus outbreak cases in a certain local population is first carried out according to the Guidelines on Outbreak In-vestigation.Descriptive epidemiology and case-control design are then used for analysis,and the incidence rates of different groups are an-alyzed by usingχ^(2)tests.There are a total of 28 cases in this epidemic,with an incidence rate of 11.2%(28/250).The main clinical symp-toms are diarrhea and abdominal pain.The epidemic lasted for 6 days.The incidence rate in males is higher than that in females(χ^(2)=7.47,P<0.01),case-control studies have shown that close proximity to patient vomit(≤1 m)increases the risk of disease(OR=7.50,95%CI:2.181-25.795),while using hand sanitizer or soap to wash hands reduces the risk of disease(OR=0.28,95%CI:0.090-0.893).The laboratory test results show that 7 cases of anal swabs are positive for Norovirus GⅡ.This local outbreak is caused by GⅡtype Norovir-us infection,and close exposure to patient vomit is a possible reason for the spread of this epidemic.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 聚合酶链反应 暴发疫情 

分 类 号：TN384[电子电信—物理电子学]