锂离子电池高容量负极用粘结剂的研究进展  

Research progress on binders for high-capacity anodes in lithium-ion batteries

作　　者：李灵科 刘洋[1] 祖雷[1] 连慧琴[1] 冀泓宇 LI Lingke;LIU Yang;ZU Lei;LIAN Huiqin;JI Hongyu(State Key Laboratory of Special Elastomers,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院特种弹性体及复合材料北京市重点实验室,北京102617

出　　处：《电源技术》2025年第3期475-485,共11页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51573021,51203012);北京市自然科学基金(2162015);大学生研究训练项目(2024J00113)。

摘　　要：随着电动汽车和便携式电子设备的迅速发展,对锂离子电池的能量密度和快速充电能力提出了更高的要求,高容量负极材料因此受到广泛关注。常见的高容量负极材料主要包括硅、磷、锡等,对于快充有着各自的优势,但它们有一个共同的缺点,即锂化/去锂化过程中较高的膨胀率,导致循环过程中电极的断裂、粉化与脱落。粘结剂仅占电极的一小部分,但在此过程中发挥着保持电极结构完整的关键作用。介绍了锂离子电池高容量负极材料的现状以及面临的挑战,解释了粘结剂与负极材料的作用机理,从提高粘结能力、提高机械性能和增强功能性三个方面对粘结剂的改进策略进行综述,展望了粘结剂的发展前景。With the rapid development of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices,there is an increasing demand for higher energy density and fast-charging capabilities in lithium-ion batteries.As a result,high-capacity anode materials have garnered significant attention.Common high-capacity anode materials include silicon,phosphorus,and tin,each of which offers advantages for fast charging but shares a common drawback:a high expansion rate during lithiation/delithiation,leading to electrode fracture,pulverization,and detachment during cycling.Although binders constitute only a small portion of the electrode,they play a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of the electrode.The current status and challenges of high-capacity anode materials in lithium-ion batteries were introduced,the mechanism by which binders interact with anode materials was explained,and strategies for improving binders in terms of enhancing bonding strength,improving mechanical properties,and enhancing functionality were reviewed.Finally,it discussed the future prospects of binder development.

关 键 词：粘结剂 锂离子电池 硅 磷 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]