针对方形锂离子电池挤压安全性的特征值研究  

Eigenvalue study on extrusion safety of prismatic lithium-ion batteries

作　　者：许立坤 冯爽 胡帛涛 邝男男 XU Likun;FENG Shuang;HU Botao;KUANG Nannan(CATARC(Tianjin)Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中汽研(天津)汽车工程研究院有限公司,天津300300

出　　处：《电源技术》2025年第3期522-530,共9页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：随着新能源汽车的普及,电池安全问题也越发受到社会各界的关注。对一种方形锂离子电池进行三个方向的挤压工况实验,实验中电芯正面挤压时均在135 kN载荷和形变率40%附近发生剧烈爆炸;电芯底面挤压时均在45 kN载荷和形变率70%附近发生烟气喷射与燃烧;侧面挤压因电芯内部卷绕结构影响分别表现出爆炸、燃烧、温度不变三种情形。通过载荷与挤压深度确定该电池不同方向的机械安全边界,结合电压变化特征,为动力电池包的设计及安全预警提供有效技术支撑。With the popularity of new energy vehicles,battery safety issues have also attracted more and more attention from all walks of life.A kind of prismatic lithium-ion battery is subjected to extrusion tests in three directions.In the experiment,the battery cell explodes violently under 135 kN load and 40%shape variation.When the bottom surface of the cell is extruded,the flue gas spray and combustion occur near the load of 45 kN and the shape variable of 70%.Due to the influence of the inner winding structure of the cell,side extrusion presents three kinds of conditions,namely explosion,combustion and constant temperature.The mechanical safety boundary of the battery in different directions is determined by the load and extrusion depth,and the voltage variation characteristics are combined to provide effective technical support for the design and safety warning of the power battery pack.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 挤压 机械边界 热失控 电池安全 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]