磷酸铁锂电池热失控研究及参量优化  

Research on thermal runaway and parameter optimization of lithium iron phosphate batteries

作　　者：王春雷 刘志博 王文鹤 许寒 吴巍 舒畅 WANG Chunlei;LIU Zhibo;WANG Wenhe;XU Han;WU Wei;SHU Chang(Center Tech Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300131,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司,天津300131 [2]河北工业大学化工学院,天津300130

出　　处：《电源技术》2025年第3期531-539,共9页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：利用模拟仿真方法对磷酸铁锂电池过充热失控行为进行了深入研究。通过建立三维电化学-热耦合模型,研究热失控过程各组件演变规律并进行多参量分析优化。研究发现,磷酸铁锂电池在400 K时发生不可逆热失控,热失控主要由SEI膜分解开始,正负极处最为剧烈;减小充电倍率、降低环境温度及增强对流换热可延缓热失控;正交实验优化电池组件结构,可有效降低热失控风险,最优结构时热失控时间为13488 s,电池比容量为25.786Ah/m^(2)。相关研究为预防和抑制电池过充热失控提供了理论支持。This article conducts in-depth research on the thermal runaway behavior of overcharged lithium iron phosphate batteries using simulation methods.By establishing a three-dimensional electrochemical thermal coupling model,the evolution laws of various components in the thermal runaway process are studied and optimized through multi parameter analysis.Research has found that irreversible thermal runaway occurs in lithium iron phosphate batteries at 400 K.The thermal runaway mainly begins with the decomposition of the SEI film,and is most severe at the positive and negative electrodes.Reducing the charging rate,lowering the ambient temperature,and enhancing convective heat transfer can delay thermal runaway.Orthogonal experimental optimization of battery module structure can effectively reduce the risk of thermal runaway.The optimal structure has a thermal runaway time of 13488 s and a battery capacity of 25.786 Ah/m^(2).The relevant research provides theoretical support for preventing and suppressing battery overcharging and thermal runaway.

关 键 词：磷酸铁锂电池 过充热失控 正交实验 模拟仿真 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]