基于“断链脱稳-网捕絮凝”原理的海上废弃水基钻井液固液分离研究  

Solid-liquid separation of offshore wastewater-based drilling fluid through chain breaking destabilization and network flocculation

作　　者：刘旭 张忠亮[1] 李斌[1] 郭晓轩 李伟[1] 杨轩[1] 孔令昊 彭先佳[2,3,4] LIU Xu;ZHANG Zhongliang;LI Bin;GUO Xiaoxuan;LI Wei;YANG Xuan;KONG Linghao;PENG Xianjia(China Oilfield Services Limited,Tianjin 300459;National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司,天津300459 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,工业废水无害化与资源化国家工程研究中心,北京100085 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第2期101-109,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：中国海油集团公司“十四五”重大科技项目基金项目:重大安全工程及绿色环保技术(No.KJGG-2022-17)。

摘　　要：钻井液是钻井系统工程中的重要组成部分,在钻井过程中会产生废弃钻井液,目前渤海油田主要以絮凝压滤方式进行处理,絮凝剂是絮凝压滤工艺的关键药剂.本文针对海上聚合型废弃水基钻井液,制备了一种顺序投加型高效复合絮凝剂,包括氯化复合金属盐和过氧有机酸盐两部分.实验结果表明,在两种絮凝剂质量比为1.8、投加量为3%、絮凝时间为80s的条件下,絮凝效果最佳,脱液率高达76%,泥饼含水率低至34%,上清液的浊度降至252NTU,zeta电位为-1.0mV,钻井液黏度降至1.26Pa·s.与常规的聚合硫酸铁絮凝剂相比,复配絮凝剂在絮凝动力学、沉降动力学和固液分离性能等方面均表现出更优异的效能.机理研究发现两种药剂相互作用生成的羟基自由基对高分子长链进行氧化断链脱稳,并通过形成铁铈络合态沉淀物实现对胶体颗粒的网捕卷扫絮凝.本文为实现海上废弃水基钻井液的资源化和无害化构建了一套切实可行药剂配方及处理技术.Drilling fluids are a crucial component in drilling system engineering,and waste drilling fluids are produced as byproduct during the drilling process.Currently,the Bohai oilfield treats these fluids primarily employs a flocculation and pressure filtration method,with flocculants being the key reagent in this treatment.In this study,a sequentially added high-efficiency composite flocculant was prepared for the treatment of offshore polymerized waste water-based drilling fluid.This flocculant consists of chlorinated composite metal salt and peroxy organic acid salt.Experimental results showed that the optimal flocculation effect is achieved under conditions of a flocculant ratio of 1.8,a flocculant dosage of 3%,and a flocculation time of 80 s.Under these conditions,the deliquid efficiency reaches 76%,the moisture content of the mud cake drops to 34%,the turbidity of the supernatant decreases to 252 NTU,the zeta potential is-1.0 mV,and the viscosity of drilling fluid reduces to 1.26 Pa·s.Compared to conventional polyferric sulfate flocculants,the composite flocculants showed better performance in terms of flocculation kinetics,sedimentation kinetics and solid-liquid separation performance.Mechanistic studies reveal that the hydroxyl radical generated by the interaction of the two agents can oxidize and break the long-chain polymer to destabilizing,and flocculation is achieved through the network sweeping capture of colloidal particles by forming iron-cerium complex precipitates.This study provides a practical formulation and treatment technology for the resource utilization and harmless treatment of offshore waste water-based drilling fluids.

关 键 词：钻井液 复合絮凝剂 固液分离 断链脱稳 网捕絮凝 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]