生物合成法生产α-熊果苷的研究进展  

Research progress in the production ofα-arbutin through biosynthesis

作　　者：仲泉周 单依怡 裴清云 金艳芸 王艺涵 孟璐远 王歆韵 张雨鑫 刘坤媛 王慧中[1,2] 冯尚国 ZHONG Quanzhou;SHAN Yiyi;PEI Qingyun;JIN Yanyun;WANG Yihan;MENG Luyuan;WANG Xinyun;ZHANG Yuxin;LIU Kunyuan;WANG Huizhong;FENG Shangguo(College of Life and Environmental Science,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants,Hangzhou 311121,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江杭州311121 [2]浙江省药用植物种质改良和质量监控重点实验室,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《合成生物学》2025年第1期118-135,共18页Synthetic Biology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31970346);浙江省自然科学基金(LY20H280012);广东省科技计划(2023B1212060046);杭州市科技基金(20191203B02,20150932H04);杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院教学改革项目。

摘　　要：熊果苷(arbutin)是一种天然的糖苷类化合物,广泛存在于自然界中。α-熊果苷(α-arbutin)是其一种异构体,由于其高效安全的美白作用和许多优秀的药理作用,受到越来越多的市场关注。研究发现,生物合成法生产α-熊果苷相较于自然提取法和化学合成法有着更高的产量、更安全的环境、更有竞争力的价格等优势,已经成为主流生产方式。本文介绍了常用于α-熊果苷生产的七种酶类的相关研究,分别为α-淀粉酶、蔗糖磷酸化酶、环糊精糖基转移酶、α-葡萄糖基酶、葡聚糖蔗糖酶、淀粉蔗糖酶和蔗糖异构酶。另外对全细胞催化法、微生物发酵法生产α-熊果苷的研究进展进行综述,对α-熊果苷生产过程中存在的问题进行了剖析并提出在工业化发展上的建议,最后对α-熊果苷合成的未来方向进行了展望,以期能够为实现更高效、更低成本的α-熊果苷生产提供新思路。Arbutins are a kind of natural glycoside compounds found widely in nature.α-arbutin,one of its isomers,has received increasing market attention due to its efficient and safe whitening effect and other excellent pharmacological effects.Studies have revealed that the production methods ofα-arbutin mainly fall into three categories:plant extraction,chemical synthesis,and biosynthesis.For the plant extraction,raw materials are widely available,and the process is simple,but the yield fails to meet the requirement for large scale production and applications.The chemical synthesis has a higher yield but with harsh reaction conditions,and thus is not environmentally friendly.Through research has found that the biosynthesis ofα-arbutin has higher yield,safer environment,more competitive cost and other advantages compared with the natural extraction and chemical synthesis as well,making it the mainstream production method.This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different synthetic methods and studies on the seven enzymes commonly used in the biosynthesis ofα-arbutin includingα-amylase,sucrose phosphorylase,cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase,α-glucosylase,dextransucrase,amylosucrase,and sucrose isomerase.These enzymes use different sugar donors and catalyze the transglycosylation reaction with hydroquinone as the receptor substrate to synthesizeα-arbutin.Additionally,we provide a comprehensive review on research progress in the whole-cell catalysis and microbial fermentation to produceα-arbutin,and potentials for its industrial production are assessed.Furthermore,we highlight challenges that exist in the biosynthesis ofα-arbutin,such as the oxidation of hydroquinone during synthesis that increases cell toxicity and reduces the yield,the low utilization rate of glucose and the generation of other glycoside products,and the poor performance of experimental strains,and corresponding solutions are proposed.Finally,future directions forα-arbutin synthesis are prospected,with the aim of providing new id

关 键 词：熊果苷 α-熊果苷 生物合成 葡萄糖苷 氢醌 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]