果蔬和中药材中农药残留的可视化检测研究  

Research on the visual detection of pesticide residues in fruits,vegetables and traditional Chinese medicinal materials

作　　者：曾晓雪 张峰[2] 王斌 Zeng Xiao-xue;Zhang Feng;Wang Bin(Fujian Institute of Testing Technology,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China;Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省测试技术研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建农林大学,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建分析测试》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Fujian Analysis & Testing

基　　金：福建省公益类科研院所专项《果蔬和中药材中农药残留目视快速检测法的研究》(编号2022R1006004)。

摘　　要：本研究结合酶抑制原理和金纳米双锥体比色策略,构建了多色可视化的比色检测体系,从而实现了果蔬和中药材中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的的现场半定量检测和仪器定量检测。我们分别考察了酶抑制、酶解反应和金纳米双锥体刻蚀过程中的实验条件,确定了果蔬和中药材中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的最佳检测条件:抑制时间15 min,底物氯化乙酰硫代胆碱浓度1.5 mmol/L,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵浓度40 mmol/L、氯金酸浓度0.4 mmol/L。对果蔬和中药材中敌敌畏、克百威、灭多威、丙溴磷和敌百虫的加标回收实验结果显示,回收率在74.9~93.7%,相对标准偏差小于4%。样品同时使用该方法和传统的酶抑制率法测定,两者的测定结果有较好的吻合度。This study combined the enzyme inhibition principle and the gold nanobipyramids colorimetric strategy to con⁃struct a multicolor visual colorimetric detection system,enabling on-site semi-quantitative and instrumental quantitative detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide residues in fruits,vegetables,and traditional Chinese medicinal ma⁃terials.We investigated the experimental conditions of the enzyme inhibition system and the gold nanobipyramid etching process,and determined the optimal detection conditions for organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide residues in fruits,vegetables,and traditional Chinese medicinal materials:inhibition time 15 min,substrate acetylthiocholine chloride concen⁃tration 1.5 mmol/L,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide concentration 40 mmol/L,and chloroauric acid concentration 0.4 mmol/L.The results of the spiked recovery experiments with dichlorvos,furadan,methomyl,profenofos and trichlorfon in fruits,vegetables,and traditional Chinese medicinal materials showed recovery rates ranging from 74.9%to 93.7%,with rel⁃ative standard deviations less than 4%.Samples were simultaneously analyzed using this colorimetric method and the tradi⁃tional enzyme inhibition rate method,and the results obtained by the two methods showed good agreement.

关 键 词：果蔬 中药材 金纳米双锥体 农药残留 酶抑制率 

分 类 号：O657.32[理学—分析化学]