农村公路基础设施、农户就业选择与收入增长  

Rural road infrastructure,employment choices of peasants,and income growth

作　　者：钟晓敏[1] 张光先 ZHONG Xiaomin;ZHANG Guangxian(Zhejiang University of Finance and Economic,Hangzhou 310018)

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《财贸研究》2025年第2期57-67,共11页Finance and Trade Research

基　　金：浙江文化研究工程重大项目“中国式现代化进程中的浙江财政实践与探索”(24WH04)。

摘　　要：交通扶贫是巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、推进乡村振兴、实现共同富裕的重要举措。从就业选择视角切入,基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)和地区公路建设相匹配数据,利用OLS和IV估计方法,全面考察农村公路基础设施可及性、通达性、优质性对农户家庭收入的影响。研究发现,农村公路基础设施三个维度即农村公路开通、公路网密度、四好农村路均具有显著的增收效应,推动农业剩余劳动力总体上转向外出打工、非农经营或本地上班是其影响农户家庭收入的重要机制。进一步分析表明,农村公路开通、四好农村路对低收入农户的增收效应更加明显,且劳动力比重较高、健康水平较低的低收入农户从中受益更多。研究结论为从农村公路建设、就业增收渠道畅通、家庭禀赋效应发挥的进路推进农民共同富裕提供了经验支撑。Transportation poverty alleviation is an important measure to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation,promote rural revitalization,and achieve common prosperity.Based on the data from Chinese Family Panel Studies(CFPS)and regional road construction,the paper empirically identify the impacts of accessibility,network,and quality of rural road infrastructure on rural household incomes using OLS and IV estimation methods from the perspective of employment choices.The study finds that all three dimensions of rural road infrastructure-road accessibility,road network density,and“Four Good Rural Roads”have significant income-increasing effects.The primary mechanism through which they influence household income is by facilitating the shift of agricultural surplus labor toward migrant work,non-agricultural businesses,or local employment.Further analysis shows that road accessibility and“Four Good Rural Roads”have a more pronounced income-increasing effect on low-income households.Moreover,low-income households with a higher proportion of labor force and lower health levels benefit even more from these improvements.The findings provide empirical support for promoting common prosperity among peasants through rural road construction,smoothing income-increasing employment channels,and leveraging household endowment effects.

关 键 词：农村公路基础设施 就业选择 增收效应 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F063.6[经济管理—政治经济学] F542