论特殊需要信托的引入:从完善残疾人社会保障机制角度  

Introduction of Special Needs Trust from the Perspective of Improving the Social Security Mechanism for Persons with Disabilities

作　　者：金锦萍[1] JIN Jinping

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院北京大学非营利组织法研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《残疾人研究》2025年第1期39-49,共11页Disability Research

摘　　要：我国残疾人占总人口的比例委实不低,当前政府所提供的基本公共服务尚未能全面覆盖残疾人的生活需要,同时残疾人的康复和生活还严重依赖其家庭,故在社会层面构建既能补充政府基本保障又与其家庭财产相对独立的保障机制至关重要。起源于美国又被众多国家和地区移植的特殊需要信托恰能实现这一功能。妥善处理特殊需要信托与社会保障之间的关系,同时引入非营利组织(或者法定机构)作为受托人,建立良好的监督机制将是特殊需要信托制度得以焕发制度功能的前提和基础。The proportion of persons with disabilities in the whole population in China is really not low,while essential public services currently provided for them by the government have not yet fully satisfied their life needs.Moreover,the rehabilitation and life of persons with disabilities severely depend on their families.So it is crucial to develop a protection mechanism at the societal level that can supplement the government basic security and is relatively independent of the family property of persons with disabilities.The special needs trust,which originated in the United States and has been used for reference by many countries and regions,can play this role.Properly handling the relationship between special needs trust and the social security,introducing non-profit organizations or legal organizations as trustees,and establishing a sound supervision mechanism will be the premise and foundation for elevating the role played by the special needs trust system.

关 键 词：特殊需要信托 残疾人权利 社会保障 返还条款 

分 类 号：C913.69[经济管理]