2013-2023年南京市职业病医院汞中毒患者调查数据分析  

Analysis of Data on Mercury Poisoning Patients at Nanjing Occupational Disease Hospital from 2013 to 2023

作　　者：魏群 WEI Qun(Department of Infection Management,Nanjing Occupational Diseases Prevention and Control Hospital,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210042,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市职业病防治院感染管理科,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2025年第8期142-144,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的 通过对汞中毒患者的年龄、致病因素以及治疗预后等情况进行分析,为疾病预防工作提供参考。方法 选取2013年1月至2023年12月南京市职业病防治院收治的汞中毒患者为研究对象,将2013年1月至2018年12月的5年数据设为对照组(其中有1年未收治患者),将2019年1月至2023年12月的5年数据设为观察组,对致病原因、临床表现、治疗、合并症及预后等资料进行回顾性分析。结果 对照组与观察组数据上显示,观察组数据中中毒原因为职业性中毒为16.9%,低于对照组的38.1%,其中因使用美白产品中毒患者占75.4%,高于对照组的36.6%;男女性别之比由1∶1.2变化为1∶9.8,女性患者的比例上升(P <0.05);患病年龄从(45.76±8.33)岁降至(41.62±10.28)岁(P <0.05);职业分布方面,工人占比由65.9%下降为30.8%,职员占比由2.4%上升至32.3%(P <0.05)。在合并症方面,有49.7%的患者同时存在肾脏病症。结论 2013—2023年收治的汞中毒病例中职业性发患者人群逐渐减少,因非职业性接触汞源而致病的患者上升明显。Objective This paper reviews and analyzes the age,causative factors,and treatment prognosis of mercury poisoning patients to provide reference methods for the disease prevention.Methods The research is based on data from mercury poisoning patients admitted to Nanjing Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital from January 2013 to December 2023.The five-year data from January 2013 to December 2018 were set as the control group(of which there were no patients admitted for one year),and the five-year data from January 2019 to December 2023 were set as the observation group.This paper conduct a retrospective analysis of etiology,clinical manifestations,treatment,comorbidities,and prognosis based on the above data.Results The data of the control group and the observation group showed that the proportion of mercury poisoning due to occupational reasons decreased from 38.1%in control group to 16.9%.Among them the proportion of patients poisoned by using whitening products increased from 36.6%in the control group to 75.4%.The gender ratio of male and female changed from 1∶1.2 to 1∶9.8,with a significant increase in the proportion of female(P<0.05).The age of the patients changed from(45.76±8.33)years old to(41.62±10.28)years old,showing a decreasing trend(P<0.05).The research indicates that in the term of occupational distribution the proportion of factory workers decreased from 65.9%to 30.8%,and the proportion of office clerks increased from 2.4%to 32.3%,differences revealed statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of comorbidities,49.7%of the patients also had renal disease.Conclusions This paper found that the occupational incidence of mercury poisoning cases admitted from 2013 to 2023 has gradually decreased,while the number of patients with disease caused by non-occupational exposure to mercury sources increased significantly.

关 键 词：汞中毒 中毒原因 职业分布 合并症 治疗 

分 类 号：R135.13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]